Table 2.
Risk of congenital malformations among women exposed to an SSRI versus women with no exposure
| Outcome | Exposed to any SSRI |
No exposure (n=843 797) | ||||
| First trimester (n=4183) |
Paused during pregnancy (n=806) |
p Value* | ||||
| n (%) | OR (95% CI)† | n (%) | OR (95% CI)† | n (%) | ||
| Major malformations | 208 (4.97) | 1.33 (1.16 to 1.53) | 36 (4.47) | 1.27 (0.91 to 1.78) | 0.90 | 29 703 (3.52) |
| Congenital malformations of the heart | 77 (1.84) | 2.01 (1.60 to 2.53) | 13 (1.61) | 1.85 (1.07 to 3.20) | 0.94 | 7755 (0.92) |
| Septal defects | 49 (1.17) | 2.04 (1.53 to 2.72) | 11 (1.36) | 2.56 (1.41 to 4.64) | 0.35 | 4826 (0.57) |
| Ventricular septal defects | 21 (0.50) | 1.62 (1.05 to 2.50) | 9 (1.12) | 3.74 (1.93 to 7.23) | 0.97 | 2803 (0.33) |
| Atrial septal defects | 34 (0.81) | 2.60 (1.84 to 3.68) | 6 (0.74) | 2.61 (1.17 to 5.84) | 0.74 | 2490 (0.30) |
| Congenital malformations of the digestive system | 13 (0.31) | 1.80 (1.04 to 3.12) | 1 (0.12) | 0.75 (0.11 to 5.35) | 0.59 | 1545 (0.18) |
| Congenital malformations of the internal urinary system | 11 (0.26) | 0.84 (0.45 to 1.57) | – | – | – | 2333 (0.28) |
| Congenital malformations of the external genital organs | 19 (0.45) | 1.55 (0.99 to 2.44) | 2 (0.25) | 0.89 (0.22 to 3.59) | 0.46 | 2504 (0.30) |
| Congenital malformations of the limbs | 53 (1.27) | 0.93 (0.71 to 1.23) | 14 (1.74) | 1.37 (0.80 to 2.32) | 0.18 | 11 785 (1.40) |
Estimates are presented as ORs with 95% CIs.
*
p Value for comparison of ORs between pregnancies exposed throughout the first trimester and pregnancies with paused exposure during pregnancy.
†
Multivariable logistic regressions are adjusted for mother's age, parity, income, education, smoking and year of conception.
SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.