Table 12G: Level of Evidence of Studies on Effectiveness of Osteoporosis Treatment in Reducing Risk of Fractures *.

Type of Study (Design)	Level of Evidence	No. of Eligible Studies
Large RCT, Systematic reviews of RCTs	1	11†
Large RCT, unpublished but reported to an international scientific meeting	1(g)
Small RCT	2	2‡
Small RCT unpublished but reported to an international scientific meeting	2(g)
Non-RCT with contemporaneous controls	3 a
Non-RCT with historical control	3b
Non-RCT unpublished but reported to an international scientific meeting	3(g)
Surveillance (database or register)	4a
Case series, multisite	4b
Case series, single-site	4c
Case series unpublished but presented to an international scientific meeting	4(g)
Total		13

^*g refers to grey literature; RCT, randomized controlled trial.

^†Systematic reviews of RCTs.

^‡1 of these RCTs was referenced in an earlier section.