Table 2.

Post-Operative Pain Management Practices (Factor Structure, Factor Loadings, Correlations and Internal Consistency of Questionnaire)

Questionnaire items	Factor 1 Analgesic Treatment Practices	Factor 2 Emotional Support	Factor 3 Physical Methods	Factor 4 Specific Methods
1. Providing pain medication prior to painful events (such as dressing or wound healing) (n=323)	0.711
2. Providing pain medication prior to physical activity (n=322)	0.659
3. Assessment and documentation of effects of analgesics (n=320)	0.559
4. Providing pain medication regularly (n=323)	0.472
5. Administering analgesics around the clock (n=321)	0.416
6. Assessing pain by means of pain scales (n=312)	0.374
7. Assessment for pain at least every four hours (n=316)	0.353
8. Quieting and consoling (n=323)		0.745
9. Soothing, supportive touch (n=327)		0.688
10. Presence when patient seems to be in pain (n=329)		0.551
11. Music therapy (n=326)			0.680
12. Heat therapy (e.g. warm bags) (n=318)			0.613
13. Peaceful and comfort environment (quiet, lights, air conditioning) (n=324)			0.552
14. Helping with daily activities (e.g. washing, dressing) (n=327)				0.773
15. Repositioning (n=325)				0.602
16. By using cold therapy (e.g. cold bags) in pain relief (n=326)				0.328
Spearman’s correlation coefficients for individual items with each subscales (for total scale 0.311- 0.601)	0.480 - 0.696	0.757- 0.806	0.692-0.796	0.692- 0.799
Eigenvalue	3.75	1.85	1.701	1.306

Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy: 0.76, Barthlett’s test of sphericity significance: p < 0.001.

^*Only >0.30 Factor loadings are presented. Extraction method is Maximum Likelihood Rotation method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalisation.