Table 1.

Dysregulated S-nitrosylation of proteins associated with pathophysiology

Pathophysiology	SNO-proteins	Reference
Neurological
Alzheimer disease	Dynamin-related protein 1	[44]
	Cyclin-dependent kinase 5	[43]
	Protein disulfide isomerase	[86]
	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis	[40]
	Apolipoprotein E	[87]
Parkinson disease	Parkin	[88, 89]
	Peroxiredoxin-2	[90]
	Protein disulfide isomerase	[86]
	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis	[91]
Stroke	Matrix metalloproteinase 9	[92]
Cardiovascular
Heart failure	Ryanodine receptor 2	[93]
Long Q/T syndrome	Cardiac sodium channel SN5Ca	[94]
Preeclampsia	Serum albumin	[95, 96]
	SNO-proteins	[97]
Pulmonary arterial hypertension	Hemoglobin	[29]
	HIF1α	[98]
	NSF	[99]
	eNOS	[99]
	Caveolin 1	[99]
	Clathrin heavy chain	[99]
	VHL	[98]
Septic shock	Hemoglobin	[30]
	CD40	[100]
Arterial fibrillation/arrhythmia	L-type Ca2+ channel (α1C subunit)	[101–103]
	Slowly activating delayed- rectifier K+ channel	[104, 105]
Diabetes (type 1)	Hemoglobin	[106, 107]
	Glucokinase	[108]
Diabetes (type 2)	Insulin receptor β	[109, 110]
	Insulin receptor substrate 1	[109, 110]
Ischemic coronary syndrome	Albumin	[111]
Hematological
Blood transfusion: storage defect	Hemoglobin	[28]
Sickle cell anemia	Hemoglobin	[27, 32]
	AE1	[27]
Pulmonary
Asthma	SNO-proteins, GSNO	[65]
Cystic fibrosis	Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein	[112]
Lung inflammation	Surfactant protein B	[113]
COPD	HDAC2a	[120]
Cancer
Liver cancer	O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyl transferase	[68]
Tumor maintenance	Ras	[114]
Tumor radiosensitivity	HIF-1α	[115]
Skeletal muscle
Duchenne muscular dystrophy	Ryanodine receptor 1	[116]
Malignant hyperthermia	Ryanodine receptor 1	[117]

^aImplicated in steroid insensitivity