Table 1.
Presentation of the different HDAC isoforms
| HDAC | Cellular localization | Substrates | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | Member | ||
| I | HDAC1 | Nucleus | Histones, DNMT1, SHP, ATM, MEF2, MyoD, p53, NF-κB, AR, BRCA1, MECP2, pRb |
| HDAC2 | Nucleus | Histones, NF-κB, GATA2, BRCA1, pRb, MECP | |
| HDAC3 | Nucleus | Histones, HDAC4, 5, 7 et 9, SHP, GATA1, NF-κB, pRb | |
| HDAC8 | Mainly in the nucleus | HSP70 | |
| IIa | HDAC4 | Nucleocytoplasmic traffic | Histones, HDAC3, MEF2, CaM, 14-3-3 |
| HDAC5 | Nucleocytoplasmic traffic | Histones, HDAC3, MEF2, CaM, 14-3-3 | |
| HDAC7 | Nucleocytoplasmic traffic | Histones, HDAC3, MEF2, CaM, 14-3-3, HIF-1α | |
| HDAC9 | Nucleus | Histones, HDAC3, MEF2, CaM, 14-3-3 | |
| IIb | HDAC6 | Mainly in the cytoplasm | HDAC11, SHP, PP1, α-tubulin, HSP90 |
| HDAC10 | Nucleus and cytoplasm | LcoR, PP1 | |
| III | SIRT1 | Mainly in the nucleus | FOXO, p53, p300, NF-κB, histones |
| SIRT2 | Nucleus and cytoplasm | Histone H4, α-tubulin, PPAR-γ, FOXO, p53, p300 | |
| SIRT3b | Mitochondria | PGC-1α, FOXO, p53, Ku70, Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2, complex I | |
| SIRT4a | Mitochondria | Glutamate dehydrogenase | |
| SIRT5 | Mitochondria | Cytochrome c, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 | |
| SIRT6b | Nucleus | Histone H3, TNF-α | |
| SIRT7 | Mainly in the nucleus | p53, RNA polymerase I | |
| IV | HDAC11 | Nucleus | HDAC6 |
AR androgen receptor, ATM ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated, BRCA breast cancer, CaM calmodulin, CoA co-enzyme A, DNMT DNA methyltransferase, FOXO forkhead box O, GATA GATA binding protein, HDAC histone deacetylase, HIF hypoxia-inducible factor, HSP heat shock protein, LcoR ligand-dependent receptor co-repressor, MECP methyl-CpG-binding domain protein, MEF myocyte enhancer factor, NF-κB nuclear transcription factor-kappa B, PGC peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator, PP1 protein phosphatase, PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, pRb retinoblastoma protein, SHP Src homology region 2-domain-containing phosphatase, SIRT sirtuin, TNF tumor necrosis factor
aSIRT4 is an ADP-ribosyltransferase and lacks deacetylase activity
bSIRT3 and 6 possess, in addition to their deacetylase activity, the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity (adapted from Folmer et al. 2010)