Table 2.
Impulsivity Measures and Cognitive Tasks from 286 Recreational Gamblers
| Recreational gamblers with parental addiction (N=53) | Recreational gamblers without parental addiction (N=233) | F-Statistic | df | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| EIQ, Mean ± SD | |||||
| Impulsivity | 6.91 ± 3.96 | 7.15 ± 4.16 | 0.146 | 1 | 0.702 |
| Venturesomeness | 10.70 ± 3.45 | 10.91 ± 3.45 | 0.169 | 0.681 | |
| Empathy | 12.21 ± 3.60 | 11.96 ± 3.62 | 0.201 | 0.654 | |
|
| |||||
| BIS -11, Mean ± SD | |||||
| Atten. Impulsivity | 16.51 ± 4.02 | 16.51 ± 3.80 | 0.000 | 1 | 0.996 |
| Motor Impulsivity | 23.17 ± 4.39 | 22.77 ± 4.51 | 0.345 | 0.557 | |
| Non-planing Impulsivity | 24.66 ± 6.06 | 23.48 ± 5.09 | 2.169 | 0.142 | |
|
| |||||
| TPQ, Mean ± SD | |||||
| Novelty Seeking Total | 18.43 ± 6.21 | 17.55 ± 5.79 | 0.972 | 1 | 0.325 |
| Harm Avoidance Total | 9.79 ± 6.64 | 9.45 ± 7.05 | 0.106 | 0.745 | |
| Reward Dependence Total | 16.85 ± 5.29 | 17.53 ± 4.95 | 0.793 | 0.374 | |
|
| |||||
| IED, Mean ± SD | |||||
| Total Errors (adjusted) | 25.30 ± 19.96 | 21.09 ± 23.65 | 1.445 | 1 | 0.230 |
| Total Errors Stage 6 | 0.45 ± 0.70 | 0.40 ± 0.62 | 0.307 | 0.580 | |
| Total Errors Stage 8 | 10.87 ± 9.85 | 8.56 ± 9.36 | 2.569 | 0.110 | |
|
| |||||
| SST, Mean ± SD | |||||
| Median Reaction Time, msec | 446.65 ± 135.30 | 433.83 ± 121.59 | 0.460 | 1 | 0.498 |
| SSRT, msec | 173.70 ± 53.87 | 173.83 ± 47.35 | 0.000 | 0.986 | |
|
| |||||
| CGT, Mean ± SD | |||||
| Delay aversion | 0.326 ± 0.22 | 0.271 ± 0.21 | 2.890 | 1 | 0.090 |
| Deliberation time | 1674.14 ± 462.62 | 1652.93 ± 475.73 | 0.087 | 0.769 | |
| Quality of decision making | 0.955 ± 0.08 | 0.962 ± 0.08 | 0.293 | 0.589 | |
| Risk Adjustment | 1.78 ± 1.04 | 1.89 ± 1.18 | 0.382 | 0.537 | |
| Overall proportion of points gambled | 0.511 ± 0.14 | 0.521 ± 0.14 | 0.251 | 0.617 | |
Abbreviations Used: EIQ: Eysenck Impulsivity Questionnaire; BIS: Barratt Impulsivity Scale; TPQ: Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire; IED: Intra-Extra Dimensional Shift Set Task; SST: Stop Signal Task; SSRT: Stop Signal Reaction Time; CGT: Cambridge Gambling Task