Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Participants, Total and by Groupa
| Measure | Total sample (n = 64) | Video messages group (n = 31) | Usual care group (n = 33) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD) | 58 (11) | 55 (10) | 60 (11) | .06 |
| Male (n, %) | 35 (55%) | 15 (48%) | 20 (61%) | .33 |
| Education (n, %): | .23 | |||
| Less than HS grad | 4 (6%) | 1 (3%) | 3 (9%) | |
| Completed HS | 8 (13%) | 4 (13%) | 4 (12%) | |
| Some college | 28 (44%) | 17 (55%) | 11 (33%) | |
| College grad or higher | 23 (36%) | 8 (26%) | 15 (45%) | |
| Ethnicity (n): | .78 | |||
| Black | 37 (58%) | 19 (61%) | 18 (55%) | |
| Asian | 3 (5%) | 2 (6%) | 1 (3%) | |
| Hispanic | 4 (6%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (6%) | |
| White | 20 (31%) | 8 (26%) | 12 (36%) | |
| Type 2 (%) | 59 (92%) | 27 (87%) | 32 (97%) | .14 |
| Years since diagnosis (mean, SD) | 13 (9) | 14 (9) | 13 (9) | .64 |
| Systolic BP (mean, SD) | 136 (19) | 132 (21) | 139 (17) | .16 |
| Diastolic BP | 78 (11) | 77 (10) | 80 (12) | .20 |
| Body mass index (mean, SD) | 34 (7) | 33 (6) | 35 (8) | .29 |
| Medications—taking (n, %): | ||||
| Exenatide (Byetta®) | 4 (6%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (6%) | .95 |
| Sitagliptin (Januvia®) | 1 (2%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | .30 |
| Metformin | 34 (53%) | 18 (58%) | 16 (48%) | .44 |
| Sulfonylurea | 25 (39%) | 11 (35%) | 14 (42%) | .57 |
| Thiazolidinedione | 8 (13%) | 3 (10%) | 5 (15%) | .51 |
| Basal insulin +/- other medication | 28 (44%) | 15 (48%) | 13 (39%) | .54 |
| Prandial insulin +/- basal insulin | 45 (70%) | 22 (71%) | 23 (70%) | .91 |
| A1C at baseline (mean, SD) | 9.3 (1.3) | 9.6 (1.5) | 9.0 (0.9) | .07 |
a
One subject was excluded from analyses because s/he had an outlying A1C value at baseline. Not all columns total 64 because of missing data resulting from nonresponse. Subjects were often taking multiple medications, so the sum of the percentages exceeds 100. P values are for the statistical comparisons of the two treatment groups. These comparisons required chi-square tests and t-tests, depending on the level of measurement.