Table 2.

Hypothesized brain activations during Naive, Practiced, and Novel verb generation as well as during reading and hypothesized increased (+) and decreased (−) activations when reading is subtracted from verb generation

Practice state	Generation activation	Read activation	Generation–read activation
Naive, no prior practice	L frontal Ant. cingulate R cerebellum	Insula	(−) Insula (+) L frontal (+) Ant. cingulate (+) R cerebellum
Practiced, after 9 blocks with same nouns	Insula	Insula	No activation
Novel, after 10 blocks but with new nouns	L frontal Ant. cingulate R cerebellum	Insula	(−) Insula (+) L frontal (+) Ant. cingulate (+) R cerebellum

L, left; R, right; Ant., anterior.