FIGURE 3.

Increased steady state levels of superoxide measured by increased DHE oxidation in various GMX1778 treated human cancer cells U251 (A), MDA-MB-231 BR (B), HCT116 (C), HCT116 p53^−/− (D), and normal HMEC (E). Cells were grown and labeled with 10 μm DHE as described under “Experimental Procedures” and analyzed by flow cytometry. Values are expressed as the ratio of normalized mean fluorescence intensity relative to DHE-only cells. Error bars represent ± S.D. of three separate experiments. (*, significantly different from control, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.005.)