Fig. 7.

(a) CFB flexion–extension, (b) abduction–adduction and (c) long axis rotation moment arm predictions for Lesothosaurus and other dinosaurian bipeds over a range of hip joint flexion–extension angles. CFB is reconstructed as passing dorsolateral to the joint centre yielding a weak abduction moment arm in (d) Lesothosaurus, while in non-avian theropods like (e) Allosaurus and (f) ostrich it extends caudoventral to the hip joint centre producing a weak adduction moment arm. Green cylinder in d–f shows the abduction–adduction axis running through the hip joint centre. ABD-ADD, abduction/adduction; FL, femoral length; Flex-Ext, flexion/extension; LAR, long axis rotation; MA, moment arm.