Tolerance of mismatches in antisense oligonucleotide-mediated TGS of HIV-1. (a) Several variations of the TGS inducing as452 antisense oligonucleotide were developed, containing specific variations. (b) The as452 variant antisense oligonucleotides were assessed for their ability to suppress HIV-1 LTR expressed luciferase in TZM-bl cells. (c,d) Dilution curve analysis of as452, as751, and scrambled controls standardized to the as729 control in (c) pTatDSRed or (d) untreated TZM-b1 cells. The cultures were assessed for luciferase protein expression 72 hours post-treatment. For a and b, the averages from triplicate transfected cultures are shown with the standard error of the means and the P values from a paired t-test. HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; LTR, long terminal repeat; TGS, transcriptional gene silencing.