Appendix A.

Partial Covariance Matrix of the Manifest Variables

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W
T6 Children’s externalizing behavior (A)	6.214
T6 Time spent with the child (B)	−0.705	8.336
T6 Child-centeredness (C)	−1.277	2.515	9.827
T6 Affection (D)	−0.876	1.348	5.591	6.657
T6 Availability (E)	−0.282	0.157	1.294	0.915	0.473
T6 Discipline (F)	0.971	−0.447	−1.317	−1.125	−0.282	3.035
T6 Satisfaction with the child (G)	−2.266	0.715	2.518	1.486	0.409	−0.981	5.128
T5 Parents’ Current tobacco use (H)	0.502	−0.035	0.521	0.149	0.200	0.020	−0.198	3.469
T5 Parents’ Tobacco Use in the Past 5 Years (I)	0.750	−0.191	0.422	0.027	0.102	−0.101	−0.101	3.141	3.606
T5 Depression (J)	1.448	−0.019	−0.750	−1.016	−0.293	0.431	−0.569	1.067	1.044	10.759
T5 Anxiety (K)	0.724	0.494	0.025	−0.415	−0.106	0.173	−0.444	0.975	0.915	7.039	8.543
T5 Interpersonal difficulties (L)	1.747	0.618	−1.461	−1.787	−0.354	0.572	−1.374	1.404	1.548	10.179	8.773	15.112
T4 Parents’ Current tobacco use (M)	0.623	−0.233	0.435	−0.062	0.123	0.088	0.060	2.847	3.107	0.429	0.400	0.555	3.850
T4 Parents’ Tobacco use In the Past 5 Years (N)	0.562	0.000	0.215	−0.251	0.093	0.161	0.035	2.706	3.012	0.864	0.861	0.968	3.473	3.886
T3 Depression (O)	0.959	0.927	−0.399	−0.823	−0.297	0.895	−0.942	0.469	0.629	3.972	3.291	4.399	0.252	0.612	8.440
T3 Anxiety (P)	1.158	0.806	−0.171	−0.557	−0.225	0.316	−0.957	0.414	0.628	2.779	2.884	3.741	0.338	0.566	4.703	6.275
T3 Interpersonal difficulties (Q)	1.139	1.089	0.142	−0.439	−0.275	0.331	−1.022	0.893	1.081	3.736	3.897	5.871	0.636	0.877	6.639	5.679	10.997
T3 Conflictual relations with the parent (R)	0.826	0.551	−0.476	−1.190	−0.114	0.687	−0.105	1.059	0.917	1.696	1.392	1.881	0.787	0.894	0.919	0.524	1.517	11.548
T3 Maternal satisfaction with child (S)	−1.442	−1.564	−0.777	0.058	0.060	−0.935	0.016	−1.332	−1.408	−1.218	−0.885	−1.111	−1.425	−1.360	−2.168	−.1577	−2.275	−5.131	9.156
T2 Conflictual relations with the parent (T)	0.983	−0.546	−0.970	−0.717	−0.108	0.239	−0.351	0.057	−0.049	0.694	0.960	0.925	−0.016	−0.300	0.447	0.013	0.953	6.920	−3.601	11.686
T2 Maternal satisfaction with child (U)	−0.880	−1.136	−0.181	−0.270	0.056	−0.278	0.198	−0.528	−0.605	−0.619	−0.487	−0.374	−0.851	−0.647	−1.438	−1.200	−1.640	−3.948	5.415	−4.259	7.503
T2 Grandmothers’ current tobacco use (V)	0.374	0.217	−0.137	−0.079	0.026	−0.084	0.245	0.404	0.300	0.400	0.165	0.488	0.423	0.207	−0.281	0.123	0.350	0.397	−0.301	0.436	−0.454	2.106
T2 Grandfathers’ current tobacco use (W)	0.189	−0.340	−0.508	−0.250	−0.015	0.139	0.218	0.471	0.440	−0.174	0.153	−0.059	0.697	0.573	−0.540	−0.303	−0.257	0.669	−0.336	0.157	−0.576	0.866	2.188

Note: G1 education at T2, G2 gender, G2 age and marital status at T6, G2 alcohol use, marijuana use, and other illicit drug use at T2, G3 age at T6, and G3 gender were statistically controlled.