Table 3.
Risk factors for incident carcinogenic HPV infection (n=145) in 821 women who provided follow-up samples after a median of 16 months
| Characteristic | No (%) of women with characteristic | No (%) of women with incident HPV infection by presence of characteristic | Relative risk (95% CI) of HPV infection | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| With characteristic | Without characteristic | Crude | Adjusted* | |||
| Age <20 years† | 292/821 (36) | 66/292 (22.6) | 79/529 (14.9) | 1.51 (1.13 to 2.03) | 1.20 (0.89 to 1.63) | |
| Black ethnicity | 148/820 (18) | 35/148 (23.6) | 110/672 (16.4) | 1.44 (1.03 to 2.02) | 1.37 (0.96 to1.94) | |
| Smoker† | 216/819 (26) | 43/216 (19.9) | 102/603 (16.9) | 1.18 (0.85 to1.62) | 0.98 (0.70 to1.37) | |
| ≥2 sexual partners in previous year‡ | 297/819 (36) | 79/297 (26.6) | 66/522 (12.6) | 2.10 (1.57 to 2.82) | 1.99 (1.46 to 2.72) | |
| Age <16 years at first sex | 228/812 (28) | 47/228 (20.6) | 97/584 (16.6) | 1.24 (0.91 to1.70) | 1.20 (0.86 to1.65) | |
| Use of oral contraception‡ | 448/819 (55) | 82/448 (18.3) | 62/371 (16.7) | 1.10 (0.81 to1.48) | — | |
| Use of condoms‡ | 439/800 (55) | 93/439 (21.2) | 49/361 (13.6) | 1.56 (1.34 to 2.14) | 1.25 (0.91 to1.72) | |
| Chlamydia trachomatis infection | 40/820 (4.9) | 12/40 (30.0) | 133/780 (17.1) | 1.76 (1.07 to 2.90) | 1.06 (0.60 to1.87) | |
| Bacterial vaginosis | 163/790 (21) | 36/163 (22.1) | 105/627 (16.7) | 1.32 (0.94 to1.85) | — | |
| Mycoplasma genitalium infection | 23/807 (2.9) | 6/23 (26.1) | 138/784 (17.6) | 1.49 (0.73 to 3.00) | — | |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection | 2/808 (0.25) | 0/2 | 143/806 (17.7) | — | –— | |
*Controlled for all significant variables from the unadjusted analysis and for age <20 and age <16 at first sex.
†Reported at baseline.
‡Reported at follow-up. No data on frequency of condom use.