Table 15: Outcome Measures Used in the 4 Studies Included in the Medical Advisory Secretariat’s Systematic Review.

Study, Year	Level of Evidence	Pain	Functionality	Quality of Life
North et al. (81) 2005	2	% crossover to alternate treatment % success defined as at least 50% pain relief on VAS* and satisfaction with treatment	Ability to perform daily activities	Not assessed
Kemler et al., (63) 2004	2	VAS: 0 cm = no pain; 10 cm = very severe pain. McGill Pain Questionnaire Global Perceived effect (1, worse ever; 2, much worse; 3, worse; 4, not improved and not worse; 5, improved; 6, much improved, 7, best ever.	Test of Jebsen et al.* Kemler foot test Goniometry: Range of motion of both ankles or both wrists and all fingers Jamar dynamometer grip strength Hand held myometer strength of foot dorsi and plantar flexion	Nottingham Health Profile Euroquol-5D Sickness Impact Profile-Short Version The Self-Rating Depression Scale
Spincemaille et al., (42) 2004	3a	VAS: 0 cm = no pain; 10 cm = worse pain ever. McGill Pain Questionnaire	ROLAND disability score	Sickness Impact Profile-68 Euroquol-5D
Harke et al., (83) 2002	3a	VAS: 0 points = no pain; 10 points = unbearable pain	Pain disability index: 0, no disability; 10, total disability	Not assessed

^*VAS indicates visual analogue scale of pain.