All studies used surgeons that were experienced in laparoscopy, except one study (Bell 2008).
Experience was variably defined as familiarity with the use of the robotic system for benign and other malignant pelvic conditions (53); experienced in robot-assisted approaches (61); advanced training in robotics. (56)
Learning curve was variably defined as the surgeon started performing robotic hysterectomies in 2005 (44); implementation of the robotics program. (45)
Age difference was shown for Bell 2008 (RB: 63.0, SD: 10.1 vs. LP: 68.4, SD: 11.8 years, p=0.03).
Stage difference was shown for Boggess 2008, favouring IIB, IIIA/IIIB/IIIC and IVA/IVB tumours in LP (significance not given) and body mass index difference (RB: 32.9, SD: 7.6 vs. LP: 29.0, SD: 6.5 kg/m2, p=0.0008), with a higher body mass index in RB.