All studies used surgeons that were experienced in laparoscopy.
Experience was variably defined as experienced in robot-assisted approaches. (61)
Learning curve was variably defined as prior to robotic experience (66); implementation of the robotics program. (45)
Stage difference was shown for Boggess 2008, favouring IIB, IIIA/IIIB/IIIC and IVA/IVB tumours in LP (significance not given) and body mass index difference (RB: 32.9, SD: 7.6 vs. LP: 29.0, SD: 6.5 kg/m2, p=0.0008), with a higher body mass index in RB. Body mass index difference for Seamon 2009 (RB: 34.2, SD: 9.0 vs. LP: 28.7, SD: 6.9 kg/m2, p<0.001), with a higher body mass index in RB.