Adverse Effects After Vertical Banded Gastroplasty. From ECRI (19).

Study (Year)	Timing of Event	Description	Patients, % (n/N)
Lee (2001)	Perioperative	Any complications	3% (3/100)
		Conversion to open surgery	1% (1/100)
		Mortality	0% (0/100)
	Early	Transient bleeding	2% (2/100)
		Acute gout attack	1% (1/100)
		Gastric stasis	2% (2/100)
		Gastric perforation	1% (1/100)
	Late	Staple line disruption	1% (1/100)
		Symptomatic cholelithiasis	1% (1/100)
		Gastric outlet stenosis	21% (1/100)
Melissas (2001)	Perioperative	Mortality	0.8% (1/125)
	Perioperative	Gastric leak	1.6% (2/125)
	Early	Pleural effusion	12.8% (16/125)
		Respiratory failure	3.2% (4/125)
		Pneumonia	4.8% (6/125)
		Atelectasis	30.4% (38/125)
		Splenic injury	0.8% (1/125)
		Wound infection	9.6% (12/125)
Husemann (1999)	Late	Staple line disruption	7% (46/655)
	Late	Reoperation	5.2% (34/655)
Suter (1999)	Perioperative	Intraoperative complications	4.6% (9/197)
	Early	Mortality	0% (0/197)
		Thrombosis/embolism	6.1% (12/197)
		Pneumonia	3.6% (7/197)
		Wound infection	7.6% (15/197)
		Sepsis	0.5% (1/197)
		Stroke	0.5% (1/197)
		Prolonged apnea	0% (0/197)
		“miscellaneous”	6.1% (12/197)
	Late	Stenosis	10.2% (20/197)
		Incisional hernia	2.5% (5/197)
		Band erosion	1.5% (3/197)
		Staple line disruption	1.5% (3/197)
		Catheter disruption/disconnection	0.5% (1/197)
		Port infection	0.5% (1/197)
		Reoperation	13.7% (27/197)
		Pouch dilation	0% (0/197)
Capella (1996)	Perioperative	Mortality	0.3% (1/329)
	Early	Early reoperation	0% (0/329)
	Late	Reversal to normal anatomy	0.3% (1/329)
		Staple line disruption	30% 99/329)

(Table reproduced with kind permission from ECRI. Bariatric Surgery for Obesity. 2004. Plymouth Meeting, PA, ECRI. Technology Assessment Report.)