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. 2005 Sep 1;5(13):1–60.

Table 14: Overall GRADE and Strength of Recommendation.

Quality Estimated
Prevalence
in
Ontario
NNT*

Death (Any Cause)
Cost-Effectiveness Cost in Ontario

$ Millions
(cdn)
Overall Grade and
Strength of
Recommendation
(Including Uncertainty)
BiV pacing* Moderate/high ~2,560 7 $7,000–$59,000/QALY 38–46
~14–16/year over 4 years
Moderate
BiV/ICD device* Low
Major study limitations
~2,560 14 ?
Low quality data
74–82
~27–29/year over 4 years
Weak
*

BiV refers to biventricular; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; NNT, number needed to treat.