Table 1.
Content of the six 1.5 hour intervention sessions for CBT-PI, CBT-P and EOC*.
Session | Active Treatment Domain | CBT-P | CBT-PI | EOC |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Educational rationale | Pain and sleep management rationale | Pain and sleep management rationale Sleep hygiene education, stimulus control and sleep restriction |
Pain and sleep management rationale |
2 | Altering activity patterns / attention diversion techniques | Activity goal setting and relaxation | Sleep and activity goal setting and relaxation | Medication education for pain and sleep |
3 | Pleasant activity scheduling and guided imagery | Sleep and pleasant activity scheduling | Complementary and alternative treatments for pain and sleep | |
4 | Activity pacing | Activity pacing and sleep schedule review | Nutrition, pain, and sleep | |
5 | Automatic thoughts / alternative treatments | Automatic thoughts and willingness | Automatic thoughts and willingness Problem solving: sleep and activity goals | Memory and communicating with health care providers |
6 | Maintenance | Maintenance plan | Maintenance plan | Maintenance plan |
Treatment implementation components | Education In-session practice Goal setting Problem-solving Homework | Education In-session practice Goal setting Problem-solving Homework | Education |
CBT-PI = Cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain and insomnia; CBT-P – Cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain; EOC = Education only control