Fig. 6.

Signaling pathways affected by DHA enrichment, contributing to neuroprotective effects of DHA. DHA increases PS levels in the plasma membrane, which in turn facilitates the membrane translocation and activation of Akt, Raf and PKC in response to stimuli. The PS-dependent membrane interaction of these signaling molecules is particularly important for neuronal survival under adverse conditions where the survival signal such as PIP3 is limited.