Table 3. Respiratory cancer burden estimation results for men and women.
| Agent | AF men (95% CI) | AF women (95% CI) | Attributable deaths men (95% CI) | Attributable deaths women (95% CI) | Attributable registrations men (95% CI) | Attributable registrations women (95% CI) | AF total (95% CI) | Attributable deaths totals (95% CI) | Attributable registrations totals (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Larynx cancer
| |||||||||
| Asbestos | 0.0047 (0.0022–0.0076) | 0 (0–0) | 3 (1–5) | 0 | 8 (4–13) | 0 | 0.0037 (0.0017–0.0060) | 3 (1–5) | 8 (4–13) |
| Rubber industry | 0.0014 (0.0000–0.0050) | 0.0006 (0.0000–0.0020) | 1 (0–3) | 0 | 2 (0–9) | 0 (0–1) | 0.0012 (0.0000–0.0044) | 1 (0–3) | 3 (0–10) |
| Strong inorganic acid mists | 0.0229 (0.0083–0.0511) | 0.0152 (0.0055–0.0341) | 14 (5–31) | 2 (1–5) | 40 (15–89) | 6 (2–12) | 0.0213 (0.0077–0.0476) | 16 (6–36) | 46 (17–102) |
| Totalsa | 0.0288 (0.0138–0.0569) | 0.0157 (0.0060–0.0348) | 17 (3–50) | 3 (3–50) | 50 (3–50) | 6 (6–50) | 0.0261 (0.0083–0.0432) | 20 (5–101) | 56 (8–101) |
|
Lung cancer
| |||||||||
| Arsenic | 0.0048 (0.0023–0.0084) | 0.0016 (0.0000–0.0058) | 91 (43–161) | 22 (0–79) | 105 (49–185) | 24 (0–89) | 0.0034% (0.0013–0.0073) | 113 (43–240) | 129 (49–274) |
| Asbestos | 0.0892 (0.0835–0.0950) | 0.0173 (0.0131–0.0211) | 1699 (1590–1810) | 238 (180–290) | 1956 (1830–2083) | 267 (202–326) | 0.0591 (0.0540–0.0640) | 1937 (1770–2100) | 2223 (2032–2409) |
| Beryllium | 0.0002 (0.0000–0.0005) | 0.0001 (0.0000–0.0003) | 5 (0–10) | 2 (0–4) | 5 (0–12) | 2 (0–4) | 0.0002 (0.0000–0.0004) | 6 (0–14) | 7 (0–16) |
| Cadmium | 0.0003 (0.0001–0.0005) | 0.0002 (0.0001–0.0002) | 6 (3–9) | 2 (1–3) | 7 (3–10) | 2 (1–4) | 0.0002 (0.0001–0.0004) | 8 (4–12) | 9 (4–14) |
| Chromium | 0.0022 (0.0015–0.0031) | 0.0011 (0.0007–0.0016) | 43 (28–59) | 16 (4–33) | 49 (32–68) | 18 (12–24) | 0.0018 (0.0012–0.0025) | 58 (38–81) | 67 (44–92) |
| Cobalt | 0.0025 (0.0006–0.0050) | 0.0012 (0.0003–0.0024) | 47 (12–95) | 16 (4–33) | 54 (14–110) | 18 (5–37) | 0.0019 (0.0005–0.0039) | 63 (16–128) | 73 (18–147) |
| DEE | 0.0290 (0.0143–0.0481) | 0.0039 (0.0000–0.0138) | 552 (272–917) | 53 (0–190) | 635 (313–1055) | 60 (0–214) | 0.0184 (0.0000–0.0337) | 605 (272–1107) | 695 (313–1269) |
| ETS | 0.0073 (0.0000–0.0195) | 0.0081 (0.0020–0.0148) | 138 (0–370) | 111 (27–203) | 159 (0–426) | 125 (30–228) | 0.0076 (0.0008–0.0175) | 249 (27–574) | 284 (30–655) |
| Inorganic lead | 0.0016 (0.0000–0.0058) | 0.0004 (0.0000–0.0015) | 30 (0–110) | 5 (0–20) | 35 (0–126) | 6 (0–22) | 0.0011 (0.0000–0.0040) | 36 (0–130) | 41 (0–149) |
| Ionising radiation | 0.0001 | 0.0000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.0001 | 2 | 2 |
| Mineral oils | 0.0183 (0.0063–0.0315) | 0.0045 (0.0019–0.0073) | 348 (119–600) | 61 (27–100) | 401 (137–691) | 69 (30–113) | 0.0125 (0.0044–0.0214) | 410 (146–701) | 470 (167–804) |
| Nickel | 0.0003 (0.0000–0.0010) | 0.0001 (0.0000–0.0005) | 6 (0–19) | 2 (0–6) | 6 (0–22) | 2 (0–7) | 0.0002 (0.0000–0.0008) | 8 (0–25) | 9 (0–29) |
| PAHs | 0.00003 (0.00002–0.00004) | 0.00001 (0.00001–0.00002) | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.00003 (0.00001–0.00003) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) |
| Painters | 0.0120 (0.0068–0.0175) | 0.0013 (0.0007–0.0019) | 228 (130–333) | 18 (10–26) | 262 (150–384) | 20 (11–30) | 0.0075 (0.0043–0.0110) | 246 (140–360) | 282 (161–413) |
| Radon | 0.0056 (0.0028–0.0084) | 0.0056 (0.0028–0.0084) | 107 (53–160) | 77 (39–116) | 123 (61–184) | 87 (43–130) | 0.0056 (0.0028–0.0084) | 184 (92–276) | 209 (105–314) |
| Silica | 0.0390 (0.0293–0.0493) | 0.0033 (0.0024–0.0043) | 743 (559–939) | 45 (33–59) | 856 (643–1081) | 51 (37–67) | 0.0241 (0.0180–0.0304) | 789 (592–998) | 907 (680–1147) |
| Steel foundry workers | 0.0013 (0.0010–0.0016) | 0.0001 (0.0001–0.0001) | 25 (18–31) | 1 (1–1) | 28 (21–36) | 1 (1–1) | 0.0008 (0.0006–0.0010) | 25 (19–32) | 29 (22–37) |
| Strong inorganic acid mists | 0.0024 (0.0000–0.0064) | 0.0016 (0.0000–0.0042) | 45 (0–123) | 21 (0–58) | 52 (0–141) | 24 (0–66) | 0.0020 (0.0000–0.0055) | 67 (0–181) | 76 (0–207) |
| TCDD | 0.0080 (0.0000–0.0212) | 0.0026 (0.0000–0.0060) | 152 (0–405) | 36 (0–83) | 175 (0–466) | 40 (0–93) | 0.0057 (0.0000–0.0149) | 187 (0–488) | 215 (0–559) |
| Tin miners | 0.0030 (0.0020–0.0050) | 0.0000 (0.0000–0.0000) | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.0000 (0.0000–0.0000) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) |
| Welders | 0.0073 (0.0056–0.0090) | 0.0010 (0.0008–0.0012) | 138 (107–171) | 14 (11–17) | 159 (123–197) | 16 (12–19) | 0.0046 (0.0036–0.0057) | 152 (118–188) | 175 (135–216) |
| Totalsa | 0.2111 (0.1921–0.2466) | 0.0527 (0.0431–0.0688) | 4020 (3659–4696) | 725 (592–946) | 4627 (4212–5406) | 815 (666–1063) | 0.1447 (0.1296–0.1720) | 4745 (4251–5643) | 5442 (4877–6469) |
|
Mesothelioma
| |||||||||
| Asbestos | 0.9700 (0.9600–0.9800) | 0.8250 (0.7500–0.9000) | 1699 (1681–1717 | 238 (216–260) | 1699 (1681–1717) | 238 (216–260) | 0.9509 (0.9303–0.09687) | 1937 (1898–1976) | 1937 (1898–1976) |
Abbreviations: AF=attributable fraction; DEE=diesel engine exhaust; ETS=environmental tobacco smoke; PAHs=polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; TCDD=2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin.
a
Totals are the product sums and are not therefore equal to the sums of the separate estimates of attributable fraction, deaths and registrations for each agent. The difference is especially notable where the constituent AFs are large.