Table 1.

Empty-cage behaviors, physical health, sensory reflexes, and neurological functions

Empty-cage behaviorsa	WTb	KOc
Freezing	0	0
Trembling	0	0
Sniffing	100	100
Licking	0	0
Rearing	80	100
Jumping	0	0
Seizure	0	0
Defecation	60	25
Urination	0	0
Head bobbing	0	0
Circling	0	0
Abnormal gait	0	0
Retropulsion	0	0
Physical health
Missing whiskers	0	0
Bald patches	0	0
Exopthalmus	0	0
Straub tail	0	0
Kinked tail	0	0
Kyphosis	0	0
Lordosis	0	0
Body weight, ge	23.6 ± 0.8	23.9 ± 1.3
Core body temp, °Ce	36.2 ± 0.3	36.8 ± 0.1
Sensory reflexes
Approach response	100	100
Touch response	100	100
Palpebral response	100	100
Pinna reflex	100	100
Tail pinch response	100	100
Motor, neurological
Splayed limbs	100	100
Forepaw clutch	0	0
Hind-paw clutch	0	0

^aData denote the percentage of animals showing a response unless specified otherwise,

^bWild-type.

^cKnockout.

^eMean ± SD.