Table 1.

Demographics, comorbidities and type of trauma exposure in the cohort^a (significant P values in bold).

	PTSDb	TENCc	P
Demographics
Gender, M/F	9/10 (n = 19)	11/13 (n = 24)	0.5d
Age, ± SD	36 ± 12 (n = 19)	30 ± 12 (n = 24)	0.16
Years of education	15 ± 2 (n = 19)	17 ± 6 (n = 19)	0.1
Personalitye
NEO neuroticism	27 ± 8 (n = 16)	17 ± 9 (n = 22)	0.001
NEO extraversion	22 ± 8 (n = 16)	30 ± 6 (n = 22)	<0.001
NEO openness	28 ± 6 (n = 16)	32 ± 5 (n = 22)	0.04
NEO agreeableness	29 ± 6 (n = 16)	31 ± 6 (n = 22)	0.3
NEO conscientiousness	33 ± 7 (n = 16)	34 ± 7 (n = 22)	0.66
Clinical measures
CAPSf score	67 ± 24 (n = 19)	8 ± 9 (n = 24)	< 0.001
BDIgscore	21 ± 12 (n = 19)	2 ± 3 (n = 24)	< 0.001
BAIh score	19 ± 13 (n = 17)	5 ± 8 (n = 22)	< 0.001
Spielberger Trait anxiety	54 ± 12 (n = 18)	35 ± 9 (n = 21)	< 0.001
Spielberger State anxiety	44 ± 12 (n = 18)	34 ± 12 (n = 22)	< 0.001
Age at trauma, years	24 ± 15 (n = 19)	19 ± 12 (n = 19)	0.23
Time since trauma, years	11 ± 15 (n = 19)	12 ± 12 (n = 19)	0.95
Subjects with childhoodi trauma n	9	5	0.10*d
Type of trauma exposure, n
Motor vehicle accidents	3	4	1.0d
Sexual assaults	8	3	0.04d
Physical assaults	5	7	1.0d
Childhood abuse	6	3	0.15d
Combat	3	0	0.07d
Witness to trauma	3	7	0.47d
Current comorbidities, n
Major depression	5	0	0.01d
Panic disorder	3	0	0.07d
Alcohol abuse	1	0	0.44d
Other substance abuse	2	0	0.19d
Eating disorders	2	0	0.19d

^aNot all ratings were available for all participants; numbers are given in brackets. Participants might also have had more than one type of traumatic event or comorbid disorder.

^bPost-traumatic stress disorder.

^cTrauma-exposed normal control.

^dFisher's exact probability test. All other data were analyzed with Student's t-test, two-tailed.

^eAs measured by the Neuroticism-Extroversion-Openness (NEO) Inventory

^fCAPS, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale.

^gBDI, Beck Depression Inventory.

^hBAI Beck Anxiety Index.

ⁱBefore the age of 16 years.