Table 3.

Factors associated with post-recurrence overall survival (patients with ECOG scores ≤ 1, n= 166)

Clinical characteristic	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI	P-value	HR	95% CI	P-value
Patient traits
Age	1.02	1.00–1.04	0.020	1.03	1.01–1.05	0.001
Perioperative factors
Estimated blood loss	1.28	1.00–1.65	0.050	1.44	1.09–1.92	0.010
Factors at recurrence
DFS > 1 year vs. ≤ 1 year	0.56	0.40–0.78	<0.001	0.45	0.30–0.67	<0.001
Symptomatic	1.37	0.97–1.95	0.080	1.05	0.71–1.55	0.820
Recurrence group
Local vs. multiple	0.39	0.22–0.67	<0.001	0.42	0.22–0.79	0.007
Regional vs. multiple	0.40	0.22–0.71	0.002	0.48	0.26–0.90	0.020
Distant vs. multiple	0.39	0.25–0.60	<0.001	0.40	0.26–0.66	<0.001
CA 19-9 at recurrence	1.21	1.11–1.32	<0.001	1.20	1.09–1.31	<0.001
Treatment at recurrence	0.24	0.20–0.51	<0.001	0.23	0.13–0.38	<0.001

Patient and tumour factors evaluated and insignificant on both univariate and multivariate analysis: gender; clinical stage at initial operation; neoadjuvant therapy; length of stay at initial operation; microscopic margin status; vascular resection; tumour size; tumour differentiation, and lymph node status.

ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; DFS, disease-free survival; CA 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9.