Table 1.
Clinical and biological characteristics of excess and deficiency syndromes in patients with DM.
| Subjects with DM (n = 308) | Subjects without DM (n = 58) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Excess | Deficiency | P a | Total | P b | |
| Gender (male/female, n) | 308(116/192) | 67(27/40) | 241(89/152) | 0.718 | 58(22/36) | 0.969 |
| Age (year) | 70.32 ± 9.08 | 65.09 ± 9.71 | 71.77 ± 8.36 | <0.001 | 67.84 ± 10.84 | 0.066 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.28 ± 2.96 | 24.92 ± 3.01 | 25.38 ± 2.92 | 0.261 | 26.10 ± 3.11 | 0.056 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 91.01 ± 8.42 | 89.88 ± 8.70 | 91.32 ± 8.33 | 0.213 | 91.55 ± 8.22 | 0.654 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 101.24 ± 7.58 | 100.50 ± 7.81 | 101.44 ± 7.52 | 0.358 | 101.53 ± 6.33 | 0.781 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) | 0.90 ± 0.06 | 0.89 ± 0.05 | 0.90 ± 0.06 | 0.439 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 0.743 |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 25) | 51.3%(158/308) | 49.3%(33/67) | 51.9%(125/241) | 0.810 | 60.3%(35/58) | 0.262 |
| Hypertension | 93.2%(287/308) | 89.6%(60/67) | 94.2%(227/241) | 0.290 | 98.3%(57/58) | 0.232 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 39.3%(121/308) | 37.3%(25/67) | 39.8%(96/241) | 0.816 | 81.0%(47/58) | <0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 21.8%(67/308) | 23.9%(16/67) | 21.2%(51/241) | 0.757 | 25.9%(15/58) | 0.605 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 0.07%(22/308) | 0.06%(4/67) | 0.07%(8/241) | 0.878 | 0.07%(4/58) | 1.000 |
| Hyperuricemia | 0.07%(23/308) | 0.06%(4/67) | 0.08%(19/241) | 0.791 | 0.09%(5/58) | 0.973 |
| Fatty liver disease | 75.3%(232/308) | 67.2%(45/67) | 77.6%(187/241) | 0.112 | 87.9%(51/58) | 0.053 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 138.68 ± 14.37 | 137.34 ± 13.71 | 139.05 ± 14.55 | 0.391 | 133.00 ± 14.22 | 0.006 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.70 ± 9.44 | 79.97 ± 9.23 | 78.35 ± 9.48 | 0.209 | 79.10 ± 8.84 | 0.764 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 7.43 ± 1.95 | 7.56 ± 2.21 | 7.39 ± 1.88 | 0.994 | 5.78 ± 1.41 | <0.0001 |
| 2h PG (mmol/L) | 11.25 ± 3.70 | 11.21 ± 3.54 | 11.26 ± 3.75 | 0.918 | 7.69 ± 3.30 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.25 ± 1.35 | 7.13 ± 1.31 | 7.28 ± 1.36 | 0.461 | 6.17 ± 0.96 | <0.0001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.53 ± 0.92 | 1.45 ± 0.79 | 1.56 ± 0.96 | 0.908 | 1.87 ± 1.31 | 0.068 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.34 ± 0.36 | 1.31 ± 0.26 | 1.35 ± 0.39 | 0.473 | 1.39 ± 0.39 | 0.363 |
| AST (U/L) | 25.21 ± 12.83 | 27.14 ± 13.49 | 24.68 ± 12.61 | 0.171 | 26.38 ± 13.93 | 0.537 |
| VLDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.56 ± 0.56 | 2.55 ± 0.59 | 2.56 ± 0.55 | 0.951 | 2.48 ± 0.57 | 0.322 |
a P value refers to the comparison between excess versus deficiency syndromes within the DM group. b P value refers to the comparison between subjects with and without DM using chi-square test or t-test analysis.