Table 2.
Adjusteda differences in MHI-5 score by bone lead tertile.
| All women | Premenopausal or postmenopausal on HRTb | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (participants/MHI-5 assessments) | MHI-5 | n (participants/MHI-5 assessments) | MHI-5 | |||||||||
| Lead biomarker | Score (mean ± SD) | Point difference (95% CI) | Score (mean ± SD) | Point difference (95% CI) | ||||||||
| Tibia lead tertile (μg/g) | ||||||||||||
| < 7.0 | 202/558 | 81 ± 12 | Reference | 46/129 | 83 ± 10 | Reference | ||||||
| 7.0–11.5 | 159/440 | 79 ± 13 | –1.70 (–3.75, 0.34) | 48/134 | 78 ± 15 | –4.31 (–7.88, –0.74) | ||||||
| > 11.5 | 242/672 | 80 ± 13 | –1.06 (–3.05, 0.94) | 47/126 | 76 ± 13 | –7.78 (–11.73, –3.83) | ||||||
| p-Trend | 0.33 | 0.0001 | ||||||||||
| Total | 603/1,670 | 80 ± 13 | 141/389 | 79 ± 13 | ||||||||
| Patella lead tertile (μg/g) | ||||||||||||
| < 8.5 | 193/532 | 79 ± 12 | Reference | 47/128 | 80 ± 13 | Reference | ||||||
| 8.5–14.5 | 179/501 | 80 ± 13 | 1.02 (–1.06, 3.11) | 49/135 | 78 ± 14 | –0.66 (–5.00, 3.67) | ||||||
| > 14.5 | 230/634 | 80 ± 13 | 0.61 (–1.55, 2.78) | 45/126 | 79 ± 12 | 0.51 (–3.91, 4.94) | ||||||
| p-Trend | 0.64 | 0.77 | ||||||||||
| Total | 602/1,667 | 80 ± 13 | 141/389 | 79 ± 13 | ||||||||
| aAdjusted for substudy group, age at bone lead and at MHI-5 measurement, education, husband’s education, alcohol consumption, pack-years of smoking, and employment status at MHI-5 measurement; lower scores indicate more depressive symptoms (lower MHI-5 scores indicate worse symptoms). bWomen who were either premenopausal at the time of bone lead measurement (n = 45) or consistently on HRT between menopause and bone lead measurement (n = 97). | ||||||||||||