Table 2.

A summary of the findings to date

Significant radiation-related increase

Malignant tumors: leukemia, cancers of the breast (female), colon, liver, lung, ovary, skin (nonmelanoma), stomach, and thyroid

Lenticular opacities

Small head size, mental retardation, diminished IQ and school performance, increased frequency of seizures (prenatally exposed)

Retarded growth and development (among survivors exposed at young age or prenatally)

Chromosome abnormalities in lymphocytes

Somatic mutation in erythrocytes and lymphycytes

Suggestive radiation-related increase

Malignant tumors: cancers of the esophagus and urinary bladder, malignant lymphoma, salivary gland tumors, and, possibly, multiple myeloma

Adult-type malignancies among the prenatally exposed

Impairment of neuromuscular development among the survivors exposed in utero

Parathyroid disease

Mortality from diseases other than malignant tumors, specifically cardiovascular disease and liver cirrhosis, at higher doses

Specific (humoral or cell-mediated) changes in immunologic competence

No radiation-related increase seen to date

Malignant tumors: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, osteosarcoma

Acceleration of aging

Sterility or infertility among the prenatally or postnatally exposed

F1: congenital abnormalities, mortality, including childhood cancer, chromosome aberrations and in biochemically identifiable genes