Table 4.
Changes in protein metabolism in skeletal muscle in tumour-bearing animals
| Model | Species | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walker 256 † at 20 days | Rat | ↑proteolysis (incubated GM) ↓protein synthesis (incubated GM) ↓myosin content (GM) | Ventrucci et al. (2004) |
| Yoshida AH 130 † at 8 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight (EPI, SOL, EDL) ↑proteolysis (incubated EPI) ↓protein synthesis (incubated EPI) | Strelkov et al. (1989) |
| Yoshida AH 130 † at 2, 4 and 7 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight at days 4 and 7 (EDL, SOL, TA) ↑atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 mRNA levels in GM | Costelli et al. (2006) |
| Yoshida AH 130 † at 4 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight (GM) | Muscaritoli et al. (2003) |
| Yoshida AH 130 † at 4 days | Rat | ↑proteolysis (EPI) | Baracos et al. (1995) |
| Yoshida AH 130 † at 7 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight (GM, TA, SOL, EDL) ↑expression of proteasome system | Busquets et al. (2004) |
| Yoshida AH 130 † at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight (GM) ↑proteolysis (GM) | Tessitore et al. (1987) |
| Morris hepatoma 7777 † at 21 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight (EPI, SOL, EDL) ↑proteolysis (incubated EPI) ↓protein synthesis (incubated EPI) | Strelkov et al. (1989) |
| MCG 101 sarcoma † at 14 days | Mouse C-57 | ↓protein synthesis in muscle (hindleg) ↑cathepsin-D activity (hindleg) | Lundholm et al. (1978) |
| MCG 101 sarcoma † at 5 days | Mouse C57BL/6J | NS changes in proteolysis ↓protein synthesis (incubated EDL) | Svaninger et al. (1983) |
| Lewis lung carcinoma † at 15 days | Rat | ↓muscle weight (GM, TA, SOL) ↑expression of ubiquitin-dependent, calcium-dependent and lysosomal system | Busquets et al. (2004) |
| C26 adenocarcinoma † at 25 days | Mouse CDF1 | ↓muscle weight (EDL, SOL, TA, calf) ↑ubiquitin, atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 in GM ↑production of proinflammatory cytokines | Zhou et al. (2010) |
| MAC 16 † at 1825 days | Athymic mouse | ↓muscle weight (hind leg) ↑production of proinflammatory cytokine | Cannon et al. (2007) |
| ApcMin/+ mice † at 26 weeks | Mouse | ↓muscle mass (GM) ↑apoptotic signalling (GM) ↓muscle fibre cross-sectional area (GM) | Baltgalvis et al. (2010) |
| ApcMin/+ mice † at 14–20 weeks | Mouse | ↓muscle mass (GM) ↑proteolysis (↑ atrogin-1 and MuRf-1 in GM) ↓protein synthesis (GM) | White et al. (2011) |
†
sacrifice time after inoculation of tumour cells; SOL, m. soleus; TA, m. tibialis anterior; EPI, m. epitrochlearis; EDL, m. extensor digitorum longus; GM, m. gastrocnemius.