Table 8.

Muscle protein metabolism in models of COPD

Model	Species	Results	Reference
Cigarette smoke † at 24 weeks	Mouse	↓body weight gain N.S. effect on muscle weight (EDL, TIB, GM, PL)	Gosker et al. (2009)
Cigarette smoke † at 18 weeks	Mouse	↓body weight gain ↓muscle weight (GM, m. biceps femoris) ↓cross-sectional area of types IIA fibres (GM)	De Paepe et al. (2008)
Porcine elastase (250 IU/kg intratracheally) † at 4 and 8 months	Hamster	↓muscle weight and fibre cross-sectional area after 8 months (EDL) NS effect on muscle force and relative muscle weight (EDL)	Mattson et al. (2008)
Porcine elastase (250 IU/kg intratracheally) † at 6 months	Hamster	↓cross-sectional area of fast-twitch types IIA, IIX and IIB fibres (m. biceps femoris, TA, GM, m. plantaris)	Mattson et al. (2004)

^†sacrifice time after treatment; SOL, m. soleus; TA, m. tibialis anterior; EPI, m. epitrochlearis; EDL, m. extensor digitorum longus; GM, m. gastrocnemius; SOL, m. soleus.