Table 1.
Salivary disintegrins which have been characterized molecularly or functionaly.
| Name/reference | Species | Mol wt | IC50 | R/S/P # | Tripeptide | Cell target | Integrin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ticks | |||||||
| Variabilin [36] | D. variabilis | 5 | 157 nM | N/N/Y | RGD | Platelets | αIIbβ3 |
| ISL929/1373 [37] | Ixodes sp. | 10 | ? | Y/N/Y | ? | Neutrophils | αMβ2 ? |
| Monogrin [38] | A.monolakensis | 10 | 150 nM | Y/N/Y | RGD | Platelets | αIIβ3 |
| TAI [39]* | O. moubata | 15 | 8 nM | N/N/Y | ? | Platelets EC | α2β1, α1β1 |
| Disagregin [40] | O. moubata | 6 | 104 nM | N/N/Y | RED | Platelets | αIIbβ3 |
| Ixodegrin [41]** | Ixodes sp. | 7 | ? | N/N/N | RGD | Platelets? | αIIββ3 |
| Savignygrin [42] | O. savigny | 7 | 130 nM | N/N/Y | RGD | Platelets | αIIbβ3 |
| Horseflies | |||||||
| Tabinhibitin [28] | T. yao | 25 | < 40 nM | N/N/Y | RGD | Platelets | αIIbβ3 |
| Tablysin [29] | T. yao | 25 | 100 nM | Y/Y/Y | RGD | Platelets EC | αIIbβ3 αvβ3 |
| TabRTS [30] | T. yao | 25 | 50 nM | Y/N/Y | RTS | EC | α1β1 |
| Leeches | |||||||
| Decorsin [43] | M. decora | 4 | 500 nM | Y/Y/Y | RGD | Platelets | αIIbβ3 |
| Ornatin [44] | P. ornata | 5 | 130 nM | Y/N/Y | RGD | Platelets | αIIbβ3 |
| Worms | |||||||
| HPI [45] | A. caninum | 20 | ? | Y/N/N | KGD | Platelets? | αIIbβ3? |
| NIF [46] | A. caninum | 41 | <10 nM | Y/N/Y | ? | Neutrophil | αMβ2 |
# R, obtained in recombinant form; S, structure available; P, inhibition of cell function tested with recombinant or purified proteins. Mol wt, molecular weight (approximate); EC, endothelial cell; NIF, neutrophil inhibitory factor; HPI, hookworm platelet inhibitor; TAI, tick adhesion inhibitor. * TAI has not been molecularly identified. ** Ixodegrin has not been expressed or purified; ? IC50, or integrin specificity unknown, or not confirmed.