Table 5.
Phenotypic, Genetic, and Environmental Correlations (95% Confidence Intervals) between MPQ-Impulsive Antisociality and Environmental Variables
| Environmental Variable | MPQ-Impulsive Antisociality | Percent of Covariance due to Genetic Effects | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| r | rA | rE | ||
| Academic Achievement & Engagement | ||||
| Boys | −.29 (−.35, −.22) | −.32 (−.44, −.22) | −.25 (−.35, −.14) | 71 |
| Girls | −.34 (−.39, −.28) | −.42 (−.54, −.31) | −.28 (−.37, −.18) | 74 |
| Prosocial Peers | ||||
| Boys | −.22 (−.28, −.15) | −.32 (−.50, −.18) | −.12 (−.22, −.01) | 78 |
| Girls | −.32 (−.37, −.26) | −.51 (−.73, −.36) | −.21 (−.30, −.12) | 74 |
| Antisocial Peers | ||||
| Boys | .33 (.27, .39) | .42 (.30, .55) | .23 (.11, .34) | 76 |
| Girls | .37 (.31, .42) | .56 (.41, .78) | .30 (.20, .37) | 69 |
| Mother-Child Relationship Problems | ||||
| Boys | .32 (.26, .38) | .52 (.38, .67) | .18 (.07, .28) | 84 |
| Girls | .41 (.35, .46) | .50 (.39, .62) | .38 (.30, .47) | 69 |
| Father-Child Relationship Problems | ||||
| Boys | .31 (.25, .37) | .72 (.53, .94) | .16 (.05, .27) | 87 |
| Girls | .33 (.27, .38) | .68 (.52, .88) | .23 (.14, .32) | 80 |
| Dependent Life Events: School and Legal Problems | ||||
| Boys | .32 (.26, .38) | .41 (.30, .53) | .21 (.11, .31) | 74 |
| Girls | .33 (.28, .39) | .49 (.36, .64) | .16 (.06, .25) | 81 |
Note. r = phenotypic correlation; rA = additive genetic correlation; rE = nonshared environmental correlation. Independent life events were not included in the biometric analyses, because twins are necessarily concordant on family-level events.