Table 4.
Female-to-male odds of receiving different types of mechanical ventilation (MV) among patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF)a
| Types of MV | Conventional methodb | Propensity score methodc | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
All ARF patients (M/F = 4177/2444) |
ARF patients (M/F = 2390/2390) | ARF patients with COPD (M/F = 126/126) | ARF patients with CHF (M/F = 217/217) | Other ARF patientsd (M/F = 2037/2037) | |
| aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Without GEE modelinga | |||||
| NIV-only | 1.63 (1.30-2.05) | 1.50 (1.20-1.88) | 1.08 (0.56-2.09) | 2.76 (1.47-5.20) | 1.43 (1.10-1.85) |
| NIV/INV | 1.10 (0.91-1.32) | 1.05 (0.86-1.28) | 0.97 (0.50-1.86) | 1.06 (0.58-1.92) | 1.07 (0.85-1.35) |
| INV-only | 0.76 (0.66-0.89) | 0.80 (0.68-0.93) | 0.97 (0.58-1.62) | 0.55 (0.35-0.86) | 0.81 (0.68-0.97) |
| With GEE modelinga | |||||
| NIV-only | 1.61 (1.32-1.96) | 1.58 (1.15-2.15) | 1.07 (0.55-2.11) | 2.76 (1.38-5.53) | 1.43 (0.97-2.11) |
| NIV/INV | 1.11 (0.96-1.29) | 1.07 (0.85-1.35) | 1.01 (0.48-2.14) | 1.08 (0.57-2.03) | 1.09 (0.82-1.45) |
| INV-only | 0.75 (0.64-0.88) | 0.77 (0.61-0.95) | 0.95 (0.54-1.66) | 0.55 (0.33-0.93) | 0.80 (0.60-1.06) |
a Multivariable logistic regression models with and without considering the cluster effect of hospitals using GEE models.
b Conventional multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, surgical and selected comorbid conditions, Charlson Comorbidity index, hospital levels, principal diagnoses, number of acute organ dysfunction, and intensive care status.
c Men and women were matched one-to-one by the propensity score and then analyzed in the logistic regression models.
d Other ARF patients included those without underlying COPD or CHF.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CHF, congestive heart failure; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GEE, generalized estimating equations; INV, invasive ventilation; INV-only, use of INV as the only ventilator treatment; NIV/INV, use of both NIV and INV before or after each other; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; NIV-only, use of NIV as the only ventilator treatment.