Table 7: Summary of Findings From Studies Reporting on the Effectiveness of BIS Monitors To Reduce Recovery Time^* (cont).

Study (year)	Basar et al. (2003) (40)	Wong et al. (2002) (31)	Bannister et al. (2001) (41)	Pavlin et al. (2001) (42)
Recovery time	There were no significant differences between groups in the time to open eyes on command (P= .12) and the time to motor response after being given a command (P =.09).	There was a trend toward faster discharge from the PACU in the BIS group, but this did not reach statistical significance. The mean time to orientation was faster in the BIS group (9.5 [SD, 3] vs. 13.1 [SD, 4], (P<.001).	0–6 months: Because of the difficulties associated with achieving target BIS values, early discontinuation of anesthetic agents was required; therefore, the measurements are not valid. 6 months– 3 years: No differences in recovery measures. 3–18 years: Patients in the BIS group were ready for discharge from the PACU significantly earlier than those in the SP group (P<.05). Time differences varied from 25% to 40%.	Total mean recovery duration, minutes (SD) Men: BIS: 147 (56) SP: 166 (73) (P<.035) Women: BIS: 166 (61) SP: 156 (59) (P =.24) Conclusion: Overall, there were no significant trends during the study for mean BIS values, mean end-tidal sevoflurane concentrations, or duration of recovery. The authors noted this suggests there were no significant changes in the management of patients over time within the institution.