Table 1. Open TMS studies in major depression: therpaeutic effects and effect size.
| Study | Treatment | n | Depression type | Precent change in HRSD |
s.d. | Effect Size(d) |
Lower | Upper | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hoflich et al. (1993) | Verlex TMS | 2 | MDD | 10.3 | 14.6 | 0.71 | –6.22 | 7.03 | 0.52 |
| George et al. (1995) | LDLPFC rTMS | 6 | 1 MDD/5 BPD | 26.5 | 19.6 | 1.35 | –1.63 | 3.79 | 0.02 |
| Grisaru et al. (1995) | Motor TMS | 10 | 5 MDD/3 BPD/2 schizoaffective depressed | na (see comments; Table 2) | na | na | na | na | na |
| Geller et al. (1997) | LPFC and RPFC TMS | 10 | 6 MDD/3 BPD/1 schizoaffective depressed | na (see comment; Table 2 | na | na | na | na | na |
| Epstein et al. (1998) | LDLPFC rTMS | 32 | 25 MDD/3 BPD | 52.0 | 46.4 | 1.12 | 0.31 | 1.87 | 0.0001 |
| Figiel et al. (1998) | LDLPFC rTMS | 56 | 53 MDD/3 BPD | 44.4 | 25.0a | 1.78 | 1.12 | 2.39 | 0.0001 |
| Feinsod et al. (1998) | RDLPFC TMS | 14 | MDD | 30.8 | 35.8 | 0.86 | –0.42 | 2.03 | 0.01 |
| Menkes et al. (1999) | RF TMS | 8 | MDD/dysthymia | 42.4 | 37.4 | 1.13 | –0.94 | 2.91 | 0.02 |
| Pridmore (1999) | LDLPFC rTMS | 12 | MDD | na(see comments; Table 2) | na | na | na | na | na |
| Pridmore et al. (1999) | LDLPFC rTMS | 22 patients in 24 episodes | MDD with melancholia | 58.1b | 29.5 | 1.97 | 0.85 | 2.95 | 0.0000 |
| Triggs et al. (1999) | LDLPFC rTMS | 10 | MDD | 40.5 | 25.0a | 1.62 | –0.29 | 3.21 | 0.0009 |
| Eschweiler et al. (2000) | LDLPFC rTMS (n = 14) and RDLPFC TMS (n = 2) |
16 (all later received ECT) | MDD and schizeaffective depressed | na(see comments Table 2) | na | na | na | na | na |
| Cohen et al. (unpubl. obs.) | Bilateral TMS: LDLPFC rTMS followed by RDLPFC TMS | 10 | MDD | 28.3 | 29.8 | 0.95 | –0.71 | 2.42 | 0.02 |
LDLPFC, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; RDLPFC, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; RPFC, right prefrontal cortex.
a
Indicates that the s.d was estimated.
b
In Pridmore et al. (1999), the outcome measure was change in Montgomery–Asberg (MADRS) scores.
Burt T, Lisanby SH, Sackeim HA. Neuropsychiatric applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation: a meta analysis. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 2002; 5(1):73-103; Subject to the copyright notice provided by Cambridge University Press, Reprinted with the permission of Cambridge University Press and the author (9)