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. 2004 Jun 1;4(7):1–98.

Table 9: Quality of Evidence.

Study Design Level of
Evidence
Number of
Eligible Studies
Large RCT,* systematic reviews of RCT 1  
Large RCT unpublished but reported to an international scientific meeting 1(g)*  
Small RCT 2 11
Small RCT unpublished but reported to an international scientific meeting 2(g)  
Non-RCT with contemporaneous controls 3a 1
Non-RCT with historical controls 3b  
Nonrandomized study presented at international conference 3(g)  
Surveillance (database or register) 4a  
Case series (multisite) 4b  
Case series (single site) 4c 1
Retrospective review, modeling 4d  
Case series presented at international conference 4(g)  
*

RCT refers to randomized controlled trial; g, grey literature