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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 2.
Published in final edited form as: Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2011 Oct;42(4):561–579. doi: 10.1044/0161-1461(2011/10-0038)

Table 5.

Group comparisons: Mean and SD scores.

Measures TD
SSD-only
SSD+LI
F p value η2
M SD M SD M SD
Story structure
 Story grammars 42.90 23.28 40.65 25.05 25.95 20.46 3.2 0.048* 0.10
 High point 4.75 1.77 4.70 1.90 3.85 2.30 1.28 0.287 0.04
Comprehension questions
 Factual questionsa,b 76.50 32.75 73.25 27.91 39.80 31.63 8.68 0.001* 0.23
 Inferential questionsa,b 51.60 38.23 51.50 33.28 23.15 28.67 4.76 0.012* 0.14
Linguistic complexity
 Number of T-units 9.00 3.01 8.75 3.92 8.65 4.37 0.05 0.956 0.00
 Mean length of T-unit 5.41 2.53 5.08 2.0 4.46 1.95 1.0 0.376 0.03
 Number of words 50.90 29.42 51.95 30.23 45.5 33.06 0.25 0.780 0.01
 Number of different words 29.05 12.97 30.80 14.09 24.4 13.99 1.17 0.319 0.04
Articulatory complexity
 2-syllable words 6.60 4.26 5.70 3.92 5.65 4.75 0.31 0.738 0.01
 3-syllable words 0.50 0.89 0.55 1.43 0.70 1.42 0.13 0.874 0.00
Examiner support
 Move forward cues 1.5 1.43 1.85 1.98 1.45 1.39 0.36 0.699 0.01
 Affirming cues 4.8 4.36 5.35 4.31 4.60 3.57 0.18 0.836 0.01
 Leading cues 3.8 2.63 3.75 3.29 3.75 2.84 0.0 0.998 0.00
 Information cues 0.30 0.57 0.40 0.82 0.50 0.69 0.41 0.668 0.01
 Number of cues 11.40 10.57 11.4 7.08 10.30 7.12 0.11 0.893 0.00
 Requests for help 1.25 1.02 1.45 1.4 1.00 1.26 0.67 0.517 0.02
 Fraction spontaneous 0.56 0.34 0.58 0.39 0.63 0.32 0.22 0.803 0.01
Content accuracy
 Content items 30.95 20.73 30.55 18.74 17.35 14.64 3.61 0.033* 0.11
 Correct utterancesb 6.35 3.48 7.15 3.68 4.40 3.50 3.17 0.050* 0.10
 Relevant, incorrect utterances 0.65 0.93 0.40 0.68 1.00 1.41 1.63 0.204 0.05
 Irrelevant utterances 0.15 0.37 0.05 0.22 1.05 2.33 3.25 0.046* 0.10
a

The control group differs from the SSD+LI group.

b

The SSD-only group differs from the SSD+LI group.

*

p < .05.