TABLE 3.
Impact of Chronic Comorbidity and Epilepsy Severity on HRQoL in CWE
| Chronic Comorbidity |
Epilepsy Indicators |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric Disorder, β (95% CI) | NDSD, β (95% CI) | Chronic Medical Condition, β (95% CI) | Migraine, β (95% CI) | Complicated Epilepsy, β (95% CI) | Not Seizure-Free (5 y), β (95% CI) | |
| Child report (CHQ-CF87) | ||||||
| Physical function | −1.5 (−5.0 to 2.1) | −3.2 (−6.7 to 0.4) | −1.8 (−5.2 to 1.5) | −1.9 (−6.1 to 2.3) | −4.4 (−8.3 to −0.6)a | −0.6 (−3.8 to 2.7) |
| Role/social limitations–physical | −5.2 (−9.3 to −1.1)a | −2.7 (−6.8 to 1.4) | −1.7 (−5.6 to 2.3) | −2.7 (−7.6 to 2.1) | −3.2 (−7.7 to 1.3) | −3.1 (−6.9 to 0.7) |
| Role/social limitations–behavioral | −6.8 (−11.3 to −2.3) | −2.9 (−7.4 to 1.5) | −1.4 (−5.7 to 2.9) | −2.9 (−8.2 to 2.4) | −4.7 (−9.6 to 0.2) | −0.3 (−4.4 to 3.8) |
| Role/social limitations–emotional | −5.2 (−10.1 to −0.3)a | −8.7 (−13.6 to −3.8) | −3.1 (−7.8 to 1.6) | −2.2 (−8.0 to 3.6) | 1.1 (−4.2 to 6.5) | 1.8 (−2.7 to 6.3) |
| Mental health | −7.7 (−12.0 to −3.4) | −0.5 (−4.8 to 3.8) | −2.5 (−6.6 to 1.6) | −4.4 (−9.5 to 0.7) | 0.9 (−3.8 to 5.6) | 0.1 (−3.8 to 4.1) |
| Self-esteem | −7.1 (−11.1 to −3.1) | 2.0 (−1.9 to 5.9) | −0.6 (−4.4 to 3.2) | −4.1 (−8.8 to 0.3) | −0.2 (−4.6 to 4.1) | −0.2 (−3.8 to 3.5) |
| Behavior | −7.1 (−10.9 to −3.3) | −5.4 (−9.2 to −1.6) | −0.4 (−4.0 to 3.3) | −2.5 (−7.0 to 2.0) | −1.8 (−6.0 to 2.3) | −0.5 (−4.0 to 3.0) |
| Bodily pain/discomfort | −5.0 (−10.5 to 0.6) | 6.0 (0.5 to 11.6)a | −0.4 (−5.7 to 4.9) | −6.9 (−13.5 to −0.4)a | −1.4 (−7.5 to 4.7) | −3.6 (−8.8 to 1.5) |
| General health perceptions | −7.6 (−11.9 to −3.2) | 0.5 (−3.8 to 4.8) | −2.8 (−6.9 to 1.3) | −5.9 (−10.9 to −0.8)a | 1.5 (−3.2 to 6.2) | −2.4 (−6.3 to 1.6) |
| Family activities | −9.8 (−16.2 to −3.4) | −5.5 (−11.9 to 0.8) | 0.4 (−5.7 to 6.4) | −4.2 (−11.7 to 3.4) | 3.6 (−3.3 to 10.6) | −2.0 (−7.9 to 3.8) |
| Family cohesion | −7.2 (−14.4 to −0.1)a | −1.9 (−9.0 to 5.2) | −3.2 (−10.0 to 3.6) | −2.0 (−10.4 to 6.4) | 1.6 (−6.2 to 9.3) | −3.2 (−9.7 to 3.4) |
| Global behavior | −10.0 (−15.6 to −4.5) | −4.2 (−9.7 to 1.3) | −0.3 (−5.6 to 5.0) | 1.5 (−5.0 to 8.1) | −2.4 (−8.5 to 3.6) | −1.0 (−6.0 to 4.1) |
| Global general health | −6.3 (−11.7 to −1.0)a | 0.4 (−4.9 to 5.6) | −2.1 (−7.1 to 3.0) | −1.1 (−7.3 to 5.2) | 0.4 (−5.4 to 6.2) | −3.1 (−7.9 to 1.8) |
| Parent report (CHQ-PF50) | ||||||
| Physical function | −2.9 (−6.8 to 1.1) | −4.7 (−8.6 to −0.8)a | −2.3 (−6.0 to 1.5) | −0.8 (−5.4 to 3.8) | −6.9 (−11.1 to −2.6) | −2.1 (−5.7 to 1.5) |
| Role/social limitations–physical | 0.5 (−4.6 to 5.6) | −5.6 (−10.6 to −0.6)a | −4.7 (−9.5 to 0.1) | 2.0 (−4.0 to 7.9) | −7.1 (−12.6 to −1.6)a | −0.3 (−4.9 to 4.4) |
| Role/social limitations–emotional/ behavioral | −16.4 (−23.6 to −9.2) | −16.6 (−23.7 to −9.5) | −7.1 (−13.9 to −0.3)a | 1.0 (−7.4 to 9.4) | 1.0 (−6.8 to 8.8) | −0.5 (−7.0 to 6.1) |
| Mental health | −14.2 (−18.4 to −10.0) | −4.6 (−8.7 to −0.4)a | −4.1 (−8.1 to −0.1) | −4.2 (−9.1 to 0.7) | 2.5 (−2.1 to 7.0) | −0.2 (−4.1 to 3.6) |
| Self-esteem | −10.7 (−16.1 to −5.4) | −6.0 (−11.3 to −0.7)a | −3.9 (−9.0 to 1.1) | −5.4 (−11.7 to 0.9) | 2.8 (−3.0 to 8.6) | −2.7 (−7.6 to 2.2) |
| Behavior | −17.1 (−21.9 to −12.4) | −13.7 (−18.4 to −9.0) | −3.0 (−7.5 to 1.5) | −3.7 (−9.3 to 1.8) | 4.7 (−0.4 to 9.9) | 0.5 (−3.8 to 4.8) |
| Bodily pain/discomfort | −1.4 (−4.4 to −7.2) | −6.5 (−12.3 to −0.8)a | −7.0 (−12.4 to −1.5)a | −8.5 (−15.3 to −1.8)a | 2.2 (−4.1 to 8.5) | 1.7 (−3.6 to 7.0) |
| General health perceptions | −2.6 (−7.1 to 1.8) | −9.6 (−14.0 to −5.2) | −5.7 (−9.9 to −1.5) | −9.4 (−14.6 to −4.2) | −0.6 (−5.4 to 4.3) | −2.4 (−6.5 to 1.7) |
| Family activities | −17.9 (−23.8 to −11.9) | −11.0 (−16.9 to −5.1) | −6.9 (−12.5 to −1.2)a | −1.6 (−8.6 to 5.4) | 1.8 (−4.7 to 8.3) | 0.7 (−4.8 to 6.1) |
| Family cohesion | −8.1 (−14.4 to −1.8)a | −3.8 (−10.1 to 2.4) | −5.0 (−11.0 to 1.0) | −9.6 (−17.0 to −2.2)a | 8.4 (1.5 to 15.2)a | 0.2 (−5.5 to 6.0) |
| Global behavior | −22.2 (−28.7 to −15.8) | −11.6 (−18.0 to −5.2) | −0.5 (−6.7 to 5.6) | −3.2 (−10.8 to 4.4) | −0.6 (−7.6 to 6.4) | 0.0 (−5.9 to 5.9) |
| Global general health | −1.8 (−6.4 to 2.8) | −7.6 (−12.1 to −3.0) | −6.1 (−10.4 to −1.7) | −12.6 (−18.0 to −7.2) | −0.3 (−5.3 to 4.7) | −2.9 (−7.1 to 1.4) |
| Parent impact on time | −11.4 (−17.3 to −5.4) | −12.8 (−18.7 to −6.9) | −4.1 (−9.8 to 1.5) | −6.6 (−13.6 to 0.3) | −2.9 (−9.4 to 3.6) | −1.9 (−7.4 to 3.6) |
| Parent emotional impact | −13.3 (19.7 to −7.0) | −19.9 (−26.2 to −13.6) | −3.8 (−9.8 to 2.3) | −3.3 (−10.7 to 4.2) | 2.7 (−4.2 to 9.7) | −9.8 (−15.6 to −4.0) |
| Summary (T) scores | ||||||
| Physical summary score | 1.1 (−1.0 to 3.3) | −3.8 (−6.0 to −1.7) | −2.8 (−4.8 to −0.7) | −2.0 (−4.5 to 0.6) | −3.3 (−5.7 to −1.0) | −0.9 (−2.9 to 1.1) |
| Psychosocial summary score | −10.7 (−13.6 to −7.8) | −7.7 (−10.6 to −4.8) | −2.6 (−5.4 to 0.1) | −2.4 (−5.8 to 1.0) | 2.3 (−0.8 to 5.5) | −1.3 (−4.0 to 1.4) |
N = 277 child-parent dyads. Results are from multiple linear regression models. Dependent variables included each respective CHQ-CF87 and CHQ-PF50 scale, item, or summary score, in separate regression models. Independent variables for all models included dichotomous epilepsy (5-year seizure-free and complicated epilepsy status) and chronic comorbidity indicators (psychiatric disorders, NDSD, chronic medical conditions, migraine) in addition to age and gender. CI indicates confidence interval.
a
P ≤ .0125.