Table 4.
Change in alcohol consumption pattern and risks for total death and death due to cardiovascular disease among the 1633 men who reported alcohol consumption on the questionnaires immediately before and after myocardial infarction diagnosis
| Alcohol consumption (g/day) (pre-MI, post-MI) |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol consumption pattern | 0, 0 | <10, <10 | <10, 10–29.9 | <10, ≥30 | 10–29.9, <10 | 10–29.9, 10–29.9 | 10–29.9, ≥30 | ≥30, <10 | ≥30 10–29.9 | ≥30, ≥30 |
| Total deaths | 122 | 166 | 17 | 1 | 27 | 49 | 8 | 8 | 15 | 24 |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI)a | 1.0 | 0.82 (0.64–1.04) | 0.52 (0.31–0.87)* | 0.43 (0.06–3.18) | 0.71 (0.46–1.09) | 0.59 (0.42–0.83)* | 0.78 (0.37–1.64) | 1.40 (0.66–3.00) | 0.95 (0.55–1.66) | 0.73 (0.46–1.14) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)b | 1.0 | 0.94 (0.73–1.20) | 0.75 (0.44–1.27) | 0.58 (0.08–4.27) | 0.80 (0.51–1.24) | 0.62 (0.43–0.88)* | 1.14 (0.53–2.44) | 2.66 (1.22–5.80)* | 1.25 (0.71–2.19) | 0.74 (0.47–1.18) |
| Cardiovascular deaths | 70 | 82 | 6 | 1 | 15 | 27 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI)a | 1.0 | 0.71 (0.50–0.99)* | 0.34 (0.15–0.79)* | 0.49 (0.06–3.93) | 0.65 (0.36–1.17) | 0.59 (0.37–0.94)* | 1.24 (0.55–2.79) | 1.82 (0.72–4.59) | 0.69 (0.29–1.64) | 0.47 (0.22–1.01) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)b | 1.0 | 0.78 (0.55–1.11) | 0.45 (0.19–1.05) | 0.79 (0.10–6.23) | 0.77 (0.42–1.39) | 0.70 (0.43–1.14) | 1.35 (0.58–3.17) | 2.41 (0.91–6.39) | 0.80 (0.33–1.93) | 0.59 (0.27–1.27) |
aAdjusted for age at diagnosis, questionnaire follow-up cycle, and smoking.
bMultivariable adjusted further for BMI, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, lipid-lowering medication, aspirin use, and heart failure at MI.
*P< 0.05.