Table 6. Lung Cancers Cases versus Participants with Benign Nodules: Comparisons at initial Visit.

Variable	Lung cancer cases(n = 30)	Subjects with Benign nodules* (n = 128)	P-value**
Mean FVC% predicted	89.9	96.5	0.0129
Mean FEV1% predicted	84.3	93.9	0.0068
Mean FEV1/FVC	71.7	75.7	0.1498
Emphysema	52%	43%	0.3932
Mean Pack years	56.5	40.0	<0.0001
Current smoker	56%	55%	0.3619
Mean # of solid nodules	2.2	1.5	0.032
Mean # of sub-solid nodules	3.1	0.2	<0.0001
Mean total number of nodules	5.3	1.7	<0.0001
Mean size of nodules	8.1	6.3	P<0.001

^*Benign nodules  =  solid nodule stable >2 yrs, or any nodule (solid or sub-solid) that resolved.

^**Average scores were used for ties, Kruskal-Wallis test.