Table 2.
Effects of Cissus quadrangularis on the Biochemical markers of bone turnover, pro-inflammatory cytokines and leptin in the serum of female ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice.
| Parameters/Groups | LC Sham | LC OVX | % difference (LC Sham versus LC OVX) | CQ Sham | CQ OVX | % difference (CQ Sham versus CQ OVX) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1NP (ng/mL) | 13.23 ± 1.17a | 10.44 ± 0.18 | 21↓ | 7.29 ± 0.85b | 6.55 ± 0.57 | 10↓ |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 1.95 ± 0.24a | 0.93 ± 0.18 | 48↓ | 1.60 ± 0.09 | 2.09 ± 0.57 | 6 |
| Osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 45.78 ± 1.11 | 51.82 ± 7.74 | 40.45 ± 2.27 | 34.53 ± 4.49 | ||
| Trap5b (U/L) | 13.53 ± 0.87 | 12.39 ± 0.65 | 12.92 ± 0.56 | 13.23 ± 1.46 | ||
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | 418 ± 143 | 580 ± 127 | 39↑ | 66 ± 8b | 278 ± 30d | 322*↑ |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 818 ± 152 | 888 ± 202 | 9↑ | 387 ± 35b | 547 ± 77a | 41↑ |
| TNF-α(pg/mL) | 1.47 ± 0.43 | 2.12 ± 0.45 | 44↑ | 0.76 ± 0.21 | 0.69 ± 0.08a | 13↓ |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 169 ± 27a | 1100 ± 85 | 550↑ | 621 ± 115b | 1321 ± 147c | 112↑ |
Data are Mean ± SE. aP < 0.05 versus LC O; bP < 0.05 versus LC S; cP < 0.05 versus CQ S; dP < 0.08 versus LC O; ∗= P < 0.05 versus LC; ↑: increase; ↓: decrease.