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. 2012 Jun 21;2012:404025. doi: 10.1155/2012/404025

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Copyright © 2012 Chun-Yi Ng et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Photomicrographs of aortic sections showing immunostaining for VCAM-1. Groups are as follows: (a) control rats; rats fed (b) fresh (FPO), (c) one-time-heated (1HPO), (d) five-time-heated (5HPO), or (e) ten-time-heated palm oil (10HPO). Aortic sections from rats fed 5HPO and 10HPO showed an intense staining of VCAM-1 on the tunica intima [(d) and (e)]. In contrast, aortic sections from rats fed FPO and 1HPO showed relatively little staining of VCAM-1 [(b) and (c)] compared to control (a). TI: tunica intima; TM: tunica media. Same magnification is applied to all pictures (×400). Calibration bar = 50 μm.