Table 1.
Basic Characteristics of Participants
| Factor | All (n=2169) | NKF (n=1115) | MIKF (n=588) | CKD (n=72) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 44.49 (13.84) | 39.50 (11.08) | 51.93 (13.35)a | 61.06 (16.17)a |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 1373 (63.30) | 689 (61.79) | 418 (71.09)a | 44 (61.11) |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 23.87 (3.26) | 23.65 (3.29) | 24.23 (3.12)a | 24.40 (3.48) |
| Blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg | ||||
| Systolic | 123.98 (15.66) | 121.67 (14.79) | 127.45 (16.46)a | 131.28 (14.76)a |
| Diastolic | 75.78 (11.52) | 74.85 (11.34) | 77.21 (11.64)a | 78.44 (11.75)b |
| BGL, mean(SD), mmol/L | 4.98 (1.17) | 4.87 (1.05) | 5.12 (1.32)a | 5.47 (1.33)a |
| Total cholesterol, mean(SD), mmol/L | 4.49 (0.85) | 4.45 (0.88) | 4.54 (0.80) | 4.66 (0.79) |
| Triacylglycerol, mean(SD), mmol/L | 1.63 (1.26) | 1.54 (1.25) | 1.79 (1.27)a | 1.64 (1.08) |
| ALT, mean(SD), U/L | 28.90 (23.26) | 29.69 (22.22) | 28.13 (25.55) | 22.94 (17.88)b |
| AST, mean(SD), U/L | 23.37 (10.57) | 23.15 (9.85) | 24.03 (11.96) | 21.33 (8.50) |
| eGFR, mean(SD), ml/min/1.73m2 | 95.54 (18.52) | 107.04 (10.88) | 78.88 (7.74)a | 53.40 (6.02)a |
| MDA, mean (SD), μmol/L | 3.58 (1.13) | 3.44 (0.89) | 3.82 (1.39)a | 3.95 (1.64)b |
| Tobacco consumption, n (%) | 887 (40.89) | 477 (42.78) | 268 (45.58) | 15 (20.83)a |
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | 1057 (48.73) | 541 (48.52) | 316 (53.74) | 28 (38.89) |
| Sleep quality, well, n (%) | 1343 (61.92) | 660 (59.19) | 420 (71.43)b | 42 (58.33) |
| Physical inactivity, n (%) | 1159 (53.43) | 665 (59.64) | 276 (46.94)a | 32 (44.44)b |
a
p<0.01 compared to subjects with NKF.
b
p<0.05 compared to subjects with NKF.
NKF, Normal kidney function; MIKF, mild insufficiency of kidney function; CKD, chronic kidney disease; SD, standard deviation; n, number; BMI, body mass index; BGL, blood glucose level; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MDA, reactive carbonyl species.