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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mech Phys Solids. 2012 Jun 1;60(6):1158–1178. doi: 10.1016/j.jmps.2012.02.004

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Genetically engineered light sensitive cardiac cell. The electrophysiology of the cell is characterized in terms of nion = 4 ion concentrations, the intracellular sodium, potassium, and calcium concentrations and the calcium concentration in the sarcoplastic reticulum. Ion concentrations are controlled through ncrt = 16 ionic currents, where we have enhanced the conventional cell model [43, 47] with the channelrhodopsin photocurrent IChR2, here shown in blue [1]. The channels are governed by ngate = 14 gating variables, where we have added the channelrhodopsin gating variable gChR2 to characterize the cell’s response to photostimulation.