Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Genetically engineered light sensitive cardiac cell stimulated conventionally with an electric field, dashed lines, and optically with light, solid lines. Temporal evolution of intracellular sodium cNa, potassium cK, calcium cCa concentrations, and calcium concentration in the sarcomplastic reticulum. The chemical concentration dynamics for the electrically stimulated cell have been delayed by 34 ms for the purposes of comparison against the optically stimulated cell.
