Table 4.
Toxicity of select carbamates to Anopheles gambiae using tarsal contact (filter paper) and topical application protocols.
| Compound | Tarsal Contact to treated filter paper LC50 ug/mL (95% CI) |
Topical application LD50 ng/mosquito (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 (propoxur) | 39 (32–45) | 3.2 (2.4–4.2) |
| 3 (bendiocarb) | 16 (14–17) | 0.74 (0.52–0.97) |
| 4 (carbofuran) | 16 (11–25) | 0.85 (0.7–1.1) |
| 5 (carbaryl) | 42 (32–55) | 4.1 (3–5) |
| 11b | 290 (271–309) | 19 (12–27) |
| 11c | 445 (396–503) | 33 (24–43) |
| 11d | 27% @ 1,000 ug/mL | 81 (64–94) |
| 12a | 317 (256–389) | 12 (7–19) |
| 12b | 212 (145–279) | 10 (7–14) |
| 12d | 27% @ 1,000 ug/mL | 10 (8–12) |
| 20h | 712 (539–887) | nd |
| 20i | 41 (35–46) | nd |
| 20j | 237 (217–257) | nd |
| 20l | 31 (29–34) | 1.6 (1.4–1.8) |
| 20m | 37 (14–60) | 4.5 (3.6–5.4) |
| 20n | 61 (43–124) | nd |
| 20o | 115 (95–147) | nd |
| 20p | 68 (64–72) | nd |
| 20q | 236 (210–259) | nd |
| 20r | 72% @ 250 ug/mL | nd |
| 20t | 169 (162–176) | 8 (6–10) |
| 20w | 342 (267–472) | nd |
a
Mosquitoes were exposed (1 h) to dried filter papers previously treated with ethanolic solutions of carbamates; mortality was recorded after 24 h. LC50 values derive from the concentrations of inhibitor used to treat the papers.
b
Ethanolic solutions of the carbamate (0.2 uL) were applied to the dorsal thorax of anesthetized mosquitoes; mortality was recorded after 24 h.