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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychologia. 2012 May 4;50(8):1823–1829. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.04.007

Table 2.

Verbal Memory Performance

Healthy Controls Late Life Depression
CVLT-II for list-learning
Trial 1 total recall 6.1±1.8 5.5±2.1
Trials 1–5 total recalla 51.2±8.0 44.3±10.7
Learning Slope 1.5±0.5 1.4±0.6
Long Delay Free Recallb 11.3±2.6 9.4±4.2
Recognition Discriminability 90.8±8.2 86.8±10.1
LM for story-based recall
Story A total recall 14.6±3.7 13.7±4.0
LMI 41.7±9.7 37.8±9.9
Learning Slope 4.0±2.4 3.4±2.9
LMII 25.1±8.0 23.6±9.2
Recognition total score 26.3±2.1 25.8±2.6
a

p=.005, p=.03 after controlling for education;

b

p=.03, ns after controlling for education

NOTE: All values represent mean±standard deviation with significant results bolded.

ANCOVA=analysis of covariance controlling for years of education; CVLT=California Verbal Learning Test; LM=Logical Memory.

Immediate recall after initial exposure=Trial 1 total recall and Story A total recall; Immediate recall after repeat exposure=Trials1–5 total recall and LMI (i.e., Story A+Story B recall); Learning=Learning Slopes for both measures; Delayed recall= Correct Responses after a 30-minute delay for Long Delay Free Recall and LMII (i.e., Story A+Story B recall); Recognition memory=Recognition Discriminability Index and Recognition total score.