Comparison of the histological gradings of the effects of chemoradiotherapy of the S-1 and AI groups. In the S-1 group, GrIIb was most frequently observed (10 cases, 52.6%). In the AI group, the effect was rated GrIII or GrIV in 11 cases, accounting for 52.4%, showing a high histological therapeutic effect, but a bimodal histological effect. Regarding grades of IIb or above as effective, the response rates were 73.7 and 71.4% in the S-1 and AI groups, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups. S-1, concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S-1 and a total external irradiation dose of 30 Gy; AI, concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using super-selective intra-arterial infusion with cisplatin or carboplatin and a total external irradiation dose of 40 Gy; Shimosato classification carried out according to the criteria of Shimosato et al (19).