Table 4.
Adjusted associations of warfarin use with other outcomes among 2248 atrial fibrillation patients 70 years of age or older
| Unadjusted events (%) | Absolute risk difference** |
Hazard ratio* (95% confidence interval) |
P value |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No warfarin (n=347) |
Warfarin (n=1901) |
||||
| Cardiovascular mortality | 36 (10%) | 182 (10%) | − 0% | 0.92 (0.66–1.39) | 0.700 |
| Due to cardiac causes | 28 (8%) | 143 (8%) | − 0% | 0.92 (0.58–1.45) | 0.708 |
| Arrhythmic | 15 (4%) | 82 (4%) | − 0% | 0.96 (0.51–1.78) | 0.888 |
| Non-arrhythmic | 13 (4%) | 61 (3%) | − 1% | 0.87 (0.44–1.72) | 0.684 |
| Due to vascular causes | 8 (2%) | 39 (2%) | − 0% | 0.95 (0.40–2.25) | 0.904 |
| Non-cardiovascular mortality | 52 (15%) | 154 (8%) | − 7% | 0.51 (0.35–0.73) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 20 (6%) | 64 (3%) | − 3% | 0.56 (0.31–1.01) | 0.053 |
| Pulmonary | 13 (4%) | 40 (2%) | − 2% | 0.54 (0.26–1.12) | 0.096 |
| Others | 19 (6%) | 50 (3%) | − 3% | 0.43 (0.23–0.80) | 0.008 |
| All-cause hospitalization | 227 (65%) | 1218 (64%) | − 1% | 0.96 (0.82–1.12) | 0.600 |
| Due to cardiovascular causes | 154 (44%) | 779 (41%) | − 3% | 1.12 (0.93–1.36) | 0.235 |
| Due to non-cardiovascular causes | 152 (44%) | 780 (41%) | − 3% | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 0.701 |
| Ischemic stroke | 21 (6%) | 77 (4%) | − 2% | 0.79 (0.45–1.38) | 0.400 |
| Major bleeding*** | 35 (10%) | 140 (7%) | − 3% | 0.76 (0.50–1.15) | 0.195 |
*
Adjusted for propensity score for warfarin use
**
Absolute risk difference was calculated by subtracting the percentage of events in the warfarin group from that of the no-warfarin group (before values were rounded)
***
Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring transfusion and/or surgery and/or permanent cessation of warfarin