Table 1. Details on the 40 populations of Knautia arvensis agg. included in the study.
| Code | Locality name a | Ploidylevel | Habitat b | Genome size group c | Taxon d | N | DW e | Nei’s gene diversity | FRAG f | % POLY g | cpDNA sequences h | Locality no. i |
| P01 | CZ – Staré Ransko | 2× | R-S | 2×R | K. arv. | 10 | 0.61 | 0.165 | 93 | 41.1 | H (2) | 71 |
| P02 | CZ – Borovsko | 2×+ | R-S | 2×R | K. arv. | 10 | 0.56 | 0.167 | 91 | 44.2 | A (1), F (3) | 263 |
| P03 | D – Woja | 2× | R-S | 2×R | K. arv. | 10 | 0.51 | 0.137 | 87 | 34.9 | A (2), B (1), G (1), I (1) | 279 |
| P04 | CZ – Planý vrch (2×) | 2× | R-S | 2×R | K. arv. | 10 | 0.31 | 0.141 | 81 | 36.4 | D (3), L (1) | 278 |
| P05 | CZ – Vlček (2×) | 2× | R-S | 2×R | K. arv. | 4 | 0.53 | 0.158 | 83 | 28.7 | – | 277 |
| P06 | CZ – Krkonoše | 2× | R-C | 2×R | K. arv. | 8 | 0.27 | 0.169 | 75 | 45.0 | E (4) | 72 |
| P07 | SK – Branisko | 2× | R-L | 2×R | K. slov. | 10 | 0.29 | 0.143 | 76 | 38.8 | A (3) | 286 |
| P08 | SK – Lesnica | 2× | R-L | 2×R | K. slov. | 8 | 0.38 | 0.182 | 83 | 41.9 | – | 284 |
| P09 | SK – Podrečany | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 9 | 0.37 | 0.157 | 75 | 39.5 | A (1) | 58 |
| P10 | SK – Plešivec | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 11 | 0.43 | 0.163 | 80 | 43.4 | A (2) | 61 |
| P11 | UA – Lviv | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 5 | 0.29 | 0.147 | 68 | 29.5 | – | 70 |
| P12 | AT – Apetlon | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 9 | 0.43 | 0.162 | 77 | 41.1 | – | 2 |
| P13 | CZ – Archlebov | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 8 | 0.44 | 0.175 | 74 | 43.4 | A (1) | 31 |
| P14 | HU – Csobánka | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 9 | 0.38 | 0.139 | 70 | 35.7 | – | 50 |
| P15 | CZ – Javorník | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 9 | 0.37 | 0.173 | 78 | 44.2 | – | 19 |
| P16 | HU – Veszprém | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 10 | 0.46 | 0.202 | 88 | 57.4 | A (1), J (1), M (1) | 48 |
| P17 | HU – Szombathely | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 10 | 0.43 | 0.198 | 92 | 52.7 | – | 49 |
| P18 | AT – Bernstein | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 10 | 0.41 | 0.135 | 73 | 35.7 | A (1) | 1 |
| P19 | CZ – Morávka | 2× | N | 2×N | K. arv. | 5 | 0.43 | 0.166 | 72 | 33.3 | – | 46 |
| P20 | CZ – Planý vrch (4×) | 4× | R-S | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.43 | 0.121 | 86 | 33.3 | A (2), D (2), K (1) | 278 |
| P21 | CZ – Vlček (4×) | 4× | R-S | 4× | K. arv. | 9 | 0.47 | 0.116 | 89 | 22.9 | A (2), K (1) | 277 |
| P22 | CZ – Pluhův bor | 4× | R-S | 4× | K. arv. | 11 | 0.39 | 0.132 | 88 | 40.3 | A (4), B (1) | 259 |
| P23 | CZ – Křížky | 4× | R-S | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.30 | 0.111 | 81 | 31.8 | A (2) | 260 |
| P24 | CZ – Dominova skalka | 4× | R-S | 4× | K. arv. | 9 | 0.22 | 0.118 | 70 | 31.0 | A (3), B (1) | 261 |
| P25 | CZ – Kladská | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 9 | 0.27 | 0.110 | 74 | 29.5 | B (1) | 257 |
| P26 | CZ – Mnichov | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.32 | 0.115 | 82 | 34.1 | A (3) | 258 |
| P27 | D – Döhlau | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 8 | 0.33 | 0.166 | 84 | 40.3 | A (2), H (2) | 242 |
| P28 | CZ – Libá | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.40 | 0.121 | 87 | 36.4 | – | 224 |
| P29 | CZ – Planá | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.33 | 0.157 | 87 | 41.9 | B (2) | 221 |
| P30 | CZ – Příbram | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 7 | 0.34 | 0.174 | 84 | 41.1 | A (2), H (1), I (1) | 217 |
| P31 | CZ – Přeštice | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 9 | 0.39 | 0.131 | 85 | 35.7 | F (2) | 215 |
| P32 | CZ – Blšany | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.33 | 0.137 | 77 | 36.4 | F (2) | 225 |
| P33 | CZ – Koněprusy | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.26 | 0.133 | 78 | 38.0 | – | 223 |
| P34 | CZ – Křemže | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 10 | 0.41 | 0.151 | 88 | 38.8 | A (2) | 144 |
| P35 | CZ – Benešov n. Černou | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 8 | 0.44 | 0.202 | 90 | 50.4 | – | 126 |
| P36 | SK – Relov | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv. | 2 | – | 0.124 | 63 | 12.4 | A (3) | 256 |
| P37 | CZ – Bernartice | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv.×kit. | 8 | 0.40 | 0.142 | 79 | 34.9 | B (1) | 216 |
| P38 | CZ – Ždírec n. Doubravou | 4× | N | 4× | K. arv.×kit. | 8 | 0.36 | 0.127 | 80 | 31.8 | A (1), B (1) | 218 |
| P39 | SK – Pustá Ves | 4× | N | 4× | K. kit. | 2 | – | 0.147 | 76 | 14.7 | F (1) | 281 |
| P40 | SK – Sklabiňa | 4× | N | 4× | K. kit. | 1 | – | – | 51 | – | C (1) | 283 |
AT – Austria; CZ – Czech Republic; D – Germany; HU – Hungary; SK – Slovak Republic; UA – Ukraine.
R – relict habitat, i.e., serpentine (R-S) or limestone (R-L) outcrops or a subalpine glacial cirque (R-C); N – non-relict habitat (mostly semi-ruderal mesophilous grassland).
2×R – relict diploid genome size group; 2×N – non-relict diploid genome size group; 4× – tetraploid genome size group according to ref. 31.
K. arv. – Knautia arvensis s.s.; K. kit. – Knautia kitaibelii; K. arv.×kit. – Knautia arvensis × K. kitaibelii; K. slov. – Knautia slovaca.
DW = weighted rarity index (only for populations with more than three individuals).
number of fragments.
percentage of fragments exhibiting intrapopulational polymorphism.
list of different cpDNA haplotypes found in the population (numbers of sequenced individuals possessing the particular haplotype in brackets); for details see Fig. 4.
Locality number in ref. 31 where details on geographic location of the localities as well as the results of flow cytometric analyses are provided.
a single triploid individual detected within population P02 was included in the AFLP analysis.
In each case, the five populations with the highest values of DW, Nei’s diversity, FRAG, and % POLY are highlighted in bold.