Table 4. Association between baseline serum α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol and risk of prostate cancer, stratified by disease stage and grade, PLCO Study.
| Serum tocopherol quintiles | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | P trend | ||
| α-Tocopherol, mg/L | ≤12.3 | >12.3 & ≤15.0 | >15.0 & ≤18.7 | >18.7 & ≤24.5 | >24.5 | ||
| Median, mg/L | 10.4 | 13.8 | 16.7 | 20.6 | 30.6 | ||
| Non-aggressive | |||||||
| Cases/controls, N | 90/165 | 79/165 | 86/165 | 78/165 | 80/164 | ||
| ORa (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.78 (0.52–1.15) | 0.83 (0.56–1.24) | 0.70 (0.46–1.07) | 0.71 (0.46–1.09) | 0.18 | |
| Aggressiveb | |||||||
| Cases/controls, N | 65/165 | 47/165 | 53/165 | 53/165 | 49/164 | ||
| ORa (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.67 (0.42–1.06) | 0.72 (0.45–1.14) | 0.63 (0.39–1.03) | 0.65 (0.39–1.07) | 0.19 | |
| γ-Tocopherol, mg/L | ≤1.38 | >1.38 & ≤2.49 | >2.49 & ≤3.48 | >3.48 & ≤4.78 | >4.78 | ||
| Median, mg/L | 0.96 | 1.94 | 3 | 4.05 | 5.83 | ||
| Non-aggressive | |||||||
| Cases/controls, N | 63/165 | 93/165 | 101/165 | 69/165 | 87/164 | ||
| ORa (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.69 (1.13–2.54) | 1.90 (1.27–2.87) | 1.30 (0.84–2.00) | 1.65 (1.06–2.56) | 0.24 | |
| Aggressiveb | |||||||
| Cases/controls, N | 53/165 | 58/165 | 64/165 | 56/165 | 36/164 | ||
| ORa (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.17 (0.74–1.84) | 1.30 (0.82–2.04) | 1.21 (0.75–1.94) | 0.89 (0.52–1.52) | 0.71 | |
a
Odds ratios are based on unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for study center, serum cholesterol, serum β-carotene, age, time since initial screening, and year of blood draw.
b
Aggressive cases were defined as stage III or IV, or Gleason score ≥ 7.